Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769
Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.
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Item Composition and decomposition in U.S. gender-specific self reported health disparities, 1984-2007(2012) Zheng , Hui; Land, Kenneth C.Abstract available at publisher's website.Item A Gender-Centered Ecological Framework Targeting Black Men Living With Diabetes: Integrating a "Masculinity" Perspective in Diabetes Management and Education Research(2010) Jack, L.; Toston, T.; Jack, N. H.; Sims, M.Abstract available at publisher's website.Item Gender, Acculturation, and Health among Mexican Americans(2010) Gorman, B. K.; Read, J. G.; Krueger, P. M.Abstract available at publisher's website.Item Avoiding Gender and Minority Barriers to NIH Funding(2000) Harden, J. Taylor; McFarland, GertrudeAbstract available at publisher's web site.Item Gender Differences in the Association Between Perceived Discrimination and Adolescent Smoking(2010) Wiehe, S. E.; Aalsma, M. C.; Liu, G. C.; Fortenberry, J. D.OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between perceived racial/ethnic discrimination, gender, and cigarette smoking among adolescents. METHODS: We examined data on Black and Latino adolescents aged 12 to 19 years who participated in the Moving to Opportunity study (N = 2561). Perceived discrimination was assessed using survey items asking about unfair treatment because of race/ethnicity in the prior 6 months. We used logistic regression to investigate associations between discrimination and smoking, stratified by gender and controlling for covariates. RESULTS: One fourth of adolescents reported that discrimination had occurred in at least 1 location. Discrimination was associated with increased odds of smoking among boys (odds ratio [OR] = 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2, 3.0) and decreased odds among girls (OR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.3, 1.1). Discrimination at school or work contributed to associations for girls (OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1, 0.9), and discrimination at shops (OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.1, 3.8) and by police (OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.2, 3.4) contributed to associations for boys. CONCLUSIONS: Associations between discrimination and smoking differ by gender. Girls' decreased smoking in higher-discrimination settings may be a result of protective factors associated with where they spend time. Boys' increased smoking in higher-discrimination settings may reflect increased stress from gender-specific targeting by police and businesses.Item A methodological note on modeling the effects of race: the case of psychological distress(2008) Nuru-Jeter, Amani; Williams, Chyvette T.; LaVeist, Thomas A.Psychological distress is an important indicator of the mental well-being of the population. Findings regarding racial differences in distress are inconclusive but may represent an important pathway through which disparities exist across a number of physical health outcomes. We used data from the 1994 Minority Health Survey, a nationally representative multiracial/ethnic sample of adults in US households, to examine racial/ethnic differences in psychological distress (n = 3623). Our primary study aim was to examine differences between additive and multiplicative models in assessing the influence of income and gender on the race/distress relationship. We hypothesized that additive models do not suffi ciently account for potential interactions of race with income and gender, and may therefore mask important differences in distress between racial groups. The results suggest that our hypotheses were supported. After adjusting for income, there were no statistically signifi cant differences in distress levels between racial groups. However, significant differences emerge when multiplicative models are used demonstrating the complexities of the intersection of race, income and gender in predicting psychological distress. Black men and women of higher income status represent a particularly vulnerable group, whereas Hispanic men are especially hardy. We discuss the implications of our fi ndings for future work on racial health disparities.Item Equity and social justice(2008) Sims, Ron"I have the audacity to believe that peoples everywhere can have three meals a day for their bodies, education and culture for their minds, and dignity, equality and freedom for their spirits." — Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (1964) More than four decades have passed since the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. set forth this vision. Yet, today we remain a society burdened by vast disparities in wealth, health and opportunities. Not just in this country, but also in our county, named after Dr. King. At this moment, here in communities as forward-thinking as Seattle and King County, the color of your skin or your home address are good predictors of whether you will have a low-birth-weight baby, die from diabetes, or your children will graduate from high school or end up in jailItem Mental Health: A Report of the Surgen General(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1999) Satcher, DavidThe past century has witnessed extraordinary progress in our improvement of the public health through medical sciencea nd ambitious, often innovative, approachest o health care services.P revious Surgeons General reports have saluted our gains while continuing to set ever higher benchmarks for the public health. Through much of this era of great challenge and greater achievement, however, concerns regarding mental illness and mental health too often were relegated to the rear of our national consciousness. Tragic and devastating disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, the mental and behavioral disorders suffered by children, and a range of other mental disorders affect nearly one in five Americans in any year, yet continue too frequently to be spoken of in whispers and shame. Fortunately, leaders in the mental health field-fiercely dedicated advocates, scientists, government officials, and consumers-have been insistent that mental health flow in the mainstream of health. I agree and issue this report in that spirit. This report makes evident that the neuroscience of mental health-a term that encompasses studies extending from molecular events to psychological, behavioral, and societal phenomena-has emerged as one of the most exciting arenas of scientific activity and human inquiry. We recognize that the brain is the integrator of thought, emotion, behavior, and health. Indeed, one of the foremost contributions of contemporary mental health research is the extent to which it has mended the destructive split between “mental’ and “physical” health.Item MEETING OF THE COMMISSION ON THE SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH(2007) Wilenski, Gail; Downey, Bernice; Ellis, Lucia; Houston, Shane; Sengupta, Amit; Assai, Mohammad; Periago, Mirta Roses; Clement, Tony; Butler-Jones, David; Keon, Wilbert; Stachenko, Sylvie; Bégin, MoniqueObjectives a. Consultation with Canadian Government b. Consultation on indigenous health c. Expert comments on interim statementItem All Americans at risk of receiving poor quality health care(2006) UNSPECIFIEDA landmark Foundation-initiated study by the RAND Corporation found that Americans receive only half of recommended medical care.1 This study added to the mounting evidence of quality deficiencies in the U.S. health care system, which was brought to the forefront in a 2001 Institute of Medicine report documenting the chasm between the care Americans have now and the care Americans should have.2 A new study from this RAND research project asks the next logical question: How are patient characteristics such as age, gender, race/ethnicity and income associated with the quality of health care received? This question has been widely studied, but largely as it relates to whether an encounter with a provider occurs. Whether necessary preventive measures, treatments or procedures are provided at similar rates to individuals with different social and demographic characteristics is less understood.