Library Faculty/Staff Scholarship and Research
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/11
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Item Beyond Plagiarism: Scientific Ethics and Its Other Aspects(MDPI, 2018-05-08) Baykoucheva, SvetlaThe purpose of science is to advance human knowledge, cure diseases, and make life for people better. Does the current competitive environment in academia allow researchers to pursue such noble goals? The increase we see in the number of articles retracted by even reputable journals is quite alarming, and we need to have an honest discussion about why this is happening. When talking about scientific ethics, we usually focus on plagiarism and scientific fraud. Scientific misconduct may be very subtle (like, not citing peer’s articles), but sometimes it is more obvious (fabricating results). Scientific ethics, though, is much more than plagiarism and fabrication of data. As you will see, the authors of the articles included in this issue have looked at scientific ethics from a broader perspective.Item Eugene Garfield’s Ideas and Legacy and Their Impact on the Culture of Research(MDPI, 2019-06-14) Baykoucheva, SvetlaEugene Garfield advanced the theory and practice of information science and envisioned information systems that made the discovery of scientific information much more efficient. The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), which he founded in Philadelphia in 1960, developed innovative information products that have revolutionized science. ISI provided current scientific information to researchers all over the world by publishing the table of contents of key scientific journals in the journal Current Contents (CC). Garfield introduced the citation as a qualitative measure of academic impact and propelled the concepts of “citation indexing” and “citation linking”, paving the way for today’s search engines. He created the Science Citation Index (SCI), which raised awareness about citations; triggered the development of new disciplines (scientometrics, infometrics, webometrics); and became the foundation for building new important products such as Web of Science. The journal impact factor (IF), originally designed to select journals for the SCI, became the most widely accepted tool for measuring academic impact. Garfield actively promoted English as the international language of science and became a powerful force in the globalization of research. His ideas changed how researchers gather scientific information, communicate their findings, and advance their careers. This article looks at the impact of Garfield’s ideas and legacy on the culture of research.Item Opening Science(Chandos Publishing, 2022) Baykoucheva, SvetlaAdvances in technology have triggered the emergence of a new generation of science communication forms that are based on Open Science (OS), an umbrella for different movements whose goal is to promote transparency, reusability and connectivity of research. It provides the infrastructure (platforms, tools and services) to make scientific information freely available. OS can mean many different things—open access to publications, open research data, open peer review, open citations, open-source software, open collaboration, open notebooks, open educational resources, open books, and citizen science. This chapter focusses on the movements promoting (1) Open access to publications, (2) Open peer review, (3) Open research data, and (4) Open access to citations. It also looks at how preprints, academic social sites, and new communication formats, such as Registered Reports, Lab Protocols, and Study Protocols, are challenging the traditional scientific publishing system.Item Discovering scientific information(Chandos Publishing, 2022) Baykoucheva, SvetlaWith so much information available on the Internet, it is difficult for users to figure out which resources are the most appropriate to use. Before going to a bibliographic indexing database, they often do a preliminary search in Google Scholar or in some other popular search engine. A large volume of searches, though, are now also occurring on Baidu Scholar, Dimensions, so.com, x.mol.com, and The Lens—newcomers that are beginning to play a critical role on the information landscape. As the integration of diverse information resources on a single platform is becoming a norm, bibliographic literature databases are sharing "home" with resources for finding properties of chemical compounds, patents, book catalogs, and other resources. This chapter presents different scenarios and strategies for discovering scientific information more efficiently. An overview of the current scholarly communication formats is followed by examination of the major science information resources. The process of discovering scientific information is presented through specific examples of searching for literature, properties of chemical compounds, research datasets, and other scientific information; refining and analyzing search results; and using bibliographic management tools to export, store, and cite references. The chapter also looks at some informal ways of keeping up with the most recent research, using social media and networking.Item Ethics in scientific publishing(Elsevier, 2015-07) Baykoucheva, SvetlaThe scientific publishing enterprise relies strongly on the ethics of the scientific community. The editors and reviewers of scholarly journals try to do their best to identify areas of concern when reviewing a paper for publication, but they, as much as anyone, are not immune to bias. With the tremendous pressure on researchers to publish and the huge competition to have papers accepted by high-impact journals, scientific fraud is on the rise. Fabricating results in medical research is particularly dangerous, as it could affect the well-being of many people. Although there is no system of control that can completely eliminate fraud, everything possible should be done to prevent it, because the intentional misconduct of a single author can seriously damage the reputation of a department, an institution, and a publication. This chapter discusses unethical behavior and what scientific journals are doing to detect it prior to publication.Item Eugene Garfield’s Ideas and Legacy and Their Impact on the Culture of Research(MDPI, 2019-06-14) Baykoucheva, SvetlaEugene Garfield advanced the theory and practice of information science and envisioned information systems that made the discovery of scientific information much more efficient. The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), which he founded in Philadelphia in 1960, developed innovative information products that have revolutionized science. ISI provided current scientific information to researchers all over the world by publishing the table of contents of key scientific journals in the journal Current Contents (CC). Garfield introduced the citation as a qualitative measure of academic impact and propelled the concepts of “citation indexing” and “citation linking”, paving the way for today’s search engines. He created the Science Citation Index (SCI), which raised awareness about citations; triggered the development of new disciplines (scientometrics, infometrics, webometrics); and became the foundation for building new important products such as Web of Science. The journal impact factor (IF), originally designed to select journals for the SCI, became the most widely accepted tool for measuring academic impact. Garfield actively promoted English as the international language of science and became a powerful force in the globalization of research. His ideas changed how researchers gather scientific information, communicate their findings, and advance their careers. This article looks at the impact of Garfield’s ideas and legacy on the culture of research.Item Eugene Garfield – The Giant of Scientific Information (1925 – 2017)(Az-buki National Publishing House [Национално издателство за образование и наука „Аз-буки“], 2017) Baykoucheva, Svetla; Байкушева, СветлаThe article analyzes the impact of Eugene Garfield's legacy on science and scientific information. The Institute for Scientific Information in Philadelphia (USA), which was founded by Garfield, developed many new revolutionary information products such as the Science Citation Index (SCI), the journal "Current Contents," and many scientific databases. The Science Citation Index has been one of the most important events in science, as it has changed how researchers find information, communicate their results, and even how they are evaluated and promoted. Garfield's idea to use works cited in scientific articles to find scientific information has led to the creation of new disciplines such scientometrics, infometrics, and bibliometrics. [Статията анализира приносите на Юджийн Гарфийлд към науката за информацията. Основаният от него "Институт за научна информация" във Филаделфия стана люлка за създаването на много иновационни продукти, като Научния индекс на цитиране, списанието "Current Contents" и ценни научни бази данни. Идеята на Гарфийлд да се използуват цитираните статии за намиране на научна информация доведе до създаването на нови дисциплини като наукометрия, инфометрия и библиометрия.]Item Designing a Science Information Literacy Program for the Digital Age(Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences [Институт по Математика и Информатика, Българска Академия на Науките], 2017) Baykoucheva, SvetlaThe rapid growth of scientific information is presenting many challenges to researchers and students, who need to learn to use new tools and approaches for finding and managing scientific literature and research data more efficiently. This paper describes a large-scale information literacy program implemented at the University of Maryland College Park (USA), which has trained more than 5,000 undergraduate and graduate students how to use new digital technologies to find, filter, manage, share, and communicate scientific information.Item Science information literacy and the role of academic librarians(Chandos Publishing/Elsevier, 2015-07) Baykoucheva, SvetlaTeaching information literacy is a major responsibility for subject/liaison librarians, but advances in information-retrieval systems, such as improved natural language searching and Semantic Web, could significantly change the role librarians play in this area. This chapter examines the future of information literacy and how librarians could redefine their role by expanding it to include management of scientific information and research data, different instruction formats, and new approaches for assessing student learning. This will make library instruction a much more appealing, engaging, and useful experience for students and researchers. Responding to the needs of a generation born into a digital culture will require that librarians learn new skills and play new roles in supporting the educational and research goals of their institutions be redefined.Item From the Science Citation Index to the Journal Impact Factor and Web of Science: Interview with Eugene Garfield(Chandos Publishing/Elsevier, 2015-07) Baykoucheva, SvetlaWhen creating the Science Citation Index (SCI), Eugene Garfield could not have foreseen its enormous impact his innovative ideas would have on science in decades to come. The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) he founded became a hotbed for developing new innovative information products that led to what we now know as Web of Science, Essential Science Indicators, and Journal Citation Reports. In his interview, Eugene Garfield talks about how he came to the idea of using citations to manage the scientific literature. He also shares his views on the (mis)use of the Journal Impact Factor in evaluating individual researchers’ work, the importance of ethical standards in scientific publishing, and the future of peer review and scholarly publishing.