Urban and Regional Planning and Design Research Works
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/26354
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Item Constitutional Reforms in Venezuela Foretell a Planning Revolution(Planner's Network, 2007) Irazabal, ClaraItem Venezuela’s Communal Councils and the Role of Planners(Planner's Network, 2008) Irazabal, Clara; Foley, JohnItem Citizenship, Democracy, and Public Space(Planner's Network, 2008) Irazabal, ClaraItem Bounded Tourism: Plaza Mexico in California(Planner's Network, 2008) Irazabal, Clara; Gomez-Barris, MacarenaItem Ultrapassando o debate entre convergência e divergência urbanas: a arquitetura e o urbanismo em um contexto global(Instituto de Planejamento Urbano e Regional - IPPUR, 2003) Irazabal, ClaraItem “Revisiting urban planning in Latin America and the Caribbean.”(Columbia Academic Commons, 2009) Irazabal, ClaraThis regional study reviews urban planning conditions and trends in Latin America and the Caribbean. It is one of eight regional studies that will serve as inputs into the various chapters of the 2009 Global Report on Human Settlements. The report is organized into nine chapters. Chapter 1 identifies recent fundamental challenges faced by urban areas in the region. Chapter 2 describes the varying nature of the urban context within which planning takes place, with emphasis on the socio-spatial issues which are of concern to urban planning. Chapter 3 reviews the emergence of contemporary or modern urban planning. A discussion of the nature of the institutional and regulatory framework for urban planning is then provided in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 examines the extent to which the planning process is inclusive of relevant stakeholders and communities (participatory/collaborative planning). Chapter 6 considers the role of urban planning in promoting sustainable urban development. An assessment of planning responses to informality in cities including the emergence of related processes (peri-urbanization, urban sprawl, metropolitanization and rural densification) is undertaken in Chapter 7. In Chapter 8, the effects of infrastructure provision on the spatial structure of cities and the implications for planning are reviewed. Chapter 9 discusses the extent to which monitoring and evaluation of urban plans is an integral part of planning processes. Lastly, the final Chapter focuses on the trends in planning education within the region.Item Entertainment-Retail Centres in Hong Kong and Los Angeles: Trends and Lessons(Taylor & Francis, 2007) Irazabal, Clara; Chakravarty, SurajitThis paper examines the evolution and recent trends in the design of Entertainment Retail Centres (ERCs) in Los Angeles and Hong Kong. Most of the literature on spaces of consumption and leisure deals with economic reasons for the development of these spaces, and with the social, cultural, and political implications of the phenomenon. There are limitations to this approach that this study addresses. First, there has been a lack of attention to processes of globalization in the analysis of these spaces. Furthermore, a largely US-centred approach has left out an understanding of the significance of the ERC phenomenon in other societies. Secondly, the literature lacks a sufficient appreciation of the particularities of urban planning and design associated with ERCs. A body of work addresses the issues of the organization of space within the mall, and its architectonics. However, these studies are by definition limited to the complex, and not oriented towards the urban setting. This paper seeks to address these gaps by moving towards an understanding of the relationship of entertainment retail spaces to their urban and glocal contexts. It considers ERCs not only for the construction of economics, but also of urban, social, and cultural forces, and simultaneously as agents for the mediation of these forces in the built environment of localized places. The analysis is organized along four related themes—land use, transportation, urban design, and consumption patterns. The conclusion offers lessons that can orient both these global cities’ trajectories and those of the cities that follow in their footsteps.Item Bounded Tourism: Immigrant Politics, Consumption, and Traditions at Plaza Mexico(Taylor & Francis, 2007) Irazabal, Clara; Gomez-Barris, MacarenaConceived and owned by Korean investors, the shopping mall Plaza Mexico in Southern California embodies a unique case of invention and commodification of traditions for locally-bound immigrants and US citizens of Mexican descent, showing the force of the contemporary processes of deterritorialisation and reterritorilisation of identities and the recreations of imagined conceptions of homeland. The Plaza is a unique architectural recreation of Mexican regional and national icons that make its patrons feel ‘as if you were in Mexico’. Plaza Mexico produces a space of diasporic, bounded tourism, whereby venture capitalists opportunistically reinvent tradition within a structural context of constrained immigrant mobility. While most of the contemporary theory of tourism, travel and place emphasise the erosion of national boundaries and the fluidity of territories, the case of Plaza Mexico brings us to appreciate this phenomenon and its opposite as well – the strengthening of national borders and their impact on the (in)mobility of millions of individuals.Item Transnational meanings of La Virgen de Guadalupe: Religiosity, space and culture at Plaza Mexico(Taylor & Francis, 2009) Gomez-Barris, Macarena; Irazabal, ClaraIn this paper, we examine Plaza Mexico in Lynwood, California, a magnet for Latino communities from throughout the greater Los Angeles region, to show immigrants’ use of space to produce transnational communities as coherent. One of the key ways that immigrant identity is formed in this space is through cultural religiosity. Despite the fact that Plaza Mexico is a shopping mall, the place gathers participation from Mexican immigrants and Latinos of other national origins at key times of religious expression during the year. Following what Holloway calls ‘enchanted space’, we analyse the Day of the Dead celebration (2 November) and the Virgen de Guadalupe celebration (during and after 12 December) to discuss the transformation of the mall into a multidimensional place that encompasses secular, religious, cultural and political expressions. We show how Plaza Mexico provides a rich location from which to understand transnational cultural connections and familial transmissions of culture between different generations of immigrants which we term ‘affective connectivity’.Item La arquitectura y la producción de imágenes de tarjeta postal: La invocación de la tradición versus el regionalismo crítico en Curitiba(Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, 2001) Irazabal, Clara