Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769
Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.
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Item Contents Full Article Content List Abstract Introduction Method Results Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References Figures & Tables Article Metrics Related Articles Cite Share Request Permissions Explore More Download PDF Improved Physical Activity Screening Enhances Intervention Effectiveness in Ethnic Minority Women: A Longitudinal Study(SAGE Journals, 2016-06-28) Mama, Scherezade; Leach, Heather; Soltero, Erica; Lee, RebeccaThis study identified inconsistencies in physical activity (PA) reported at screening and baseline of a 6-month health promotion intervention and explored how these inconsistencies influenced intervention effectiveness in African American and Hispanic women. Participants completed a telephone screener to determine eligibility for a PA intervention. Inactive participants (≤90 minutes of PA/week) were invited to a baseline assessment, where they completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, measuring work, transportation, gardening/housework, and leisure-time PA. Women returned after 6 months to complete an identical post-intervention assessment. Despite being screened as inactive, baseline Questionnaire data indicated that 85.0% of participants (N = 274, M age = 44.6 years, M body mass index = 34.8 kg/m2) were active (>90 minutes of PA/week). Women who reported any work-related PA were 20.9 times more likely to be active at baseline than those who did not (p < .001). Participants who were inactive at both screening and baseline reported greater increases in domestic and gardening PA and total PA from baseline to postintervention (ps < .05). Overweight/obese ethnic minority women may misreport being physically inactive during screening if specific questions about type of PA are not included. Post hoc analyses controlling for screening inaccuracies may improve effectiveness of PA interventions and help intervention programs reach women who may benefit the most.Item Contents Full Article Content List Abstract Introduction Method Results Discussion Acknowledgements References Figures & Tables Article Metrics Related Articles Cite Share Request Permissions Explore More Download PDF Organizational-Level Recruitment of Barbershops as Health Promotion Intervention Study Sites: Addressing Health Disparities Among Black Men(SAGE Journals, 2017-03-23) Hood, Sula; Hall, Maria; Dixon, Carrissa; Jolly, David; Linnan, LauraThis article describes the process and results associated with the organizational-level recruitment of Black barbershops into Fitness in the Shop (FITShop), a 6-month barbershop-based intervention study designed to promote physical activity among Black men. Organizational-level recruitment activities included (1) a telephone call to prospective barbershop owners to assess their interest and eligibility for participation, (2) an organizational eligibility letter sent to all interested and eligible barbershops, (3) a visit to interested and eligible barbershops, where a culturally sensitive informational video was shown to barbershop owners to describe the study activities and share testimonies from trusted community stakeholders, and (4) a signed agreement with barbershop owners and barbers, which formalized the organizational partnership. Structured interviews were conducted with owners of a total of 14 enrolled barbershops, representing 30% of those determined to be eligible and interested. Most enrolled shops were located in urban settings and strip malls. Barbershop owners were motivated to enroll in the study based on commitment to their community, perceived client benefits, personal interest in physical activity, and a perception that the study had potential to make a positive impact on the barbershop and on reducing health disparities. Results offer important insights about recruiting barbershops into intervention trials.Item Leveraging Household Structure for Increasing Adult Physical Activity in a Low-Income, African American Community(SAGE Journals, 2018-11-28) Bernhart, John; Yilitalo, Kelly; Doyle, Eva; Wilkinson, Lindsay; Stone, KahlerHealth behavior changes often require focusing on factors beyond the individual, particularly in low-income and underresourced areas. The purpose of this article was to assess associations between household structure and adult physical activity levels. Data were collected using Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response methodology to administer a household survey (n = 100). Household structure was calculated from summing the number of adults (⩾18 years) and children (<18 years) reported living in the house. Physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form. Adults living in households with two or more adults reported more MET (metabolic equivalent of task) minutes of physical activity per week than adults from households with only one adult. Adults living in households with two or more adults were twice as likely to meet aerobic guidelines for physical activity compared to adults living in households with only adult. Findings suggest the need for developing ecologic approaches in low-income communities to increase social support for physical activity in adults.Item Physical Activity Maintenance Following Home-Based, Individually Tailored Print Interventions for African American Women(SAGE Journals, 2018-09-11) Pekmezi, Dori; Ainsworth, Cole; Desmond, Renee; Pisu, Maria; Williams, Victoria; Wang, Kaiying; Holly, Taylor; Menesses, Karen; Marcus, Bess; Denmark- Wahnefried, WendyAfrican American women report low participation in physical activity and are disproportionately burdened by related conditions (obesity, breast, and colon cancer). Physical activity interventions have shown promising results among African American women, but most studies in this area have focused on short-term increases. More enduring changes in health behavior will be needed to eliminate existing health disparities. Thus, the current study examined 12-month physical activity and psychosocial outcomes from a pilot randomized controlled trial (N = 84) of a Home-based Individually tailored Physical activity Print (HIPP) intervention for African American women in the Deep South. Retention was 77.4% at 12 months. HIPP participants increased self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from 35.1 minutes/week (standard deviation [SD] = 47.8) at baseline to 124 minutes/week (SD = 95.5) at 12 months, compared with the wellness contact control participants who reported increases from 48.2 minutes/week (SD = 51.3) to 102.5 minutes/week (SD = 94.5) over 12 months (between-group p > .05). Results indicate that modest improvements in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and related psychosocial variables occurred during the active intervention phase (months 0-6) and were sustained during the tapered maintenance period (months 6-12). Low-cost, high-reach, home-based strategies have great potential for supporting sustained participation in physical activity and achieving long-term health benefits among African American women in the Deep South.Item Utilizing Contemplative Practices With Undergraduate Students in a Community-Engaged Course on Health Disparities(SAGE Journals, 2017-03-27) Batada, AmeenaPublic health courses that provide opportunities for applied learning to develop students’ understanding of health disparities and methods for achieving health equity are of critical importance. Contemplative pedagogy can cultivate among students personal skills such as open awareness, introspection, nonjudgment, and compassion as students engage with communities across class, race, and other lines of difference. This article describes how contemplative practices are introduced and aligned with learning objectives in an undergraduate community-engaged course on health parity at a public liberal arts university in North Carolina, with the intent of contributing to the growing literature on contemplative education and how it may be appropriate in public health education. Contemplative pedagogy in this course offers opportunities for students to learn with their minds, bodies, and hearts. This article presents course context and structure, introducing contemplative practices to students, and two specific examples of contemplative activities that may help students better understand diversity and their role in sustainable health equity. The article concludes with a discussion and resources for instructors interested in contemplative pedagogy. As contemplative pedagogy gains ground in college instruction, it may also provide critical skill-building for students of public health.Item Talking About Race: An Important First Step in Undergraduate Pedagogy Addressing African American Health Disparities(SAGE Journals, 2015-03-01) Robillard, Alyssa; Annang, Lucy; Buchanan, KyrelThis article is a reflection of the individual and collective experiences of university professors of color whose work addresses African American health disparities. As instructors with the responsibility of introducing undergraduate students to the concept of health disparities, we believe it is beneficial for students to examine health disparities within the historical context of race. From our collective experiences, we offer selected resources to help students (1) understand race as a social construct and (2) understand that health disparities are not a consequence of inherent race-based biological differences. This is paramount to initiating a discussion of African American health disparities. Furthermore, this challenges students to think critically about social determinants of health and the broader ecological factors associated with health disparities. In preparing future professionals in health promotion, this results in more well-rounded practitioners who are better able to engage with more diverse communities.Item Conceptualizing and Categorizing Race and Ethnicity in Health Services Research(2005) Ford, Marvella E.; Kelly, P. AdamAbstract available at publisher's website.Item Composition and decomposition in U.S. gender-specific self reported health disparities, 1984-2007(2012) Zheng , Hui; Land, Kenneth C.Abstract available at publisher's website.Item Health Disparities and Children in Immigrant Families: A Research Agenda(2009) Mendoza, F. S.Abstract available at publisher's website.Item Social Inequality and Racial Discrimination: Risk Factors for Health Disparities in Children of Color(2009) Sanders-Phillips, K.; Settles-Reaves, B.; Walker, D.; Brownlow, J.Abstract available at publisher's website.