EXAMINING GROUP AND INDIVIDUAL APPROACHES TO STRATEGY USE IN FREQUENCY JUDGMENTS

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2004-11-17

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How do people make frequency judgments? One account describes how the strategy used during the memory retrieval process influences frequency judgments. The strategy that is evoked depends on the to-be judged event (Brown, 1995; 1997). Specifically, enumeration strategies were used when multiple exemplars were paired with a category. Non-enumeration strategies occurred when a single exemplar was paired with a category. Two experiments investigated the consistency with which different strategies were employed based on the characteristics of the to-be judged event. Group-level and individual-level analyses were used to examine the degree that a given strategy occurred. Analyses at the individual-level allowed for the investigation of whether the strategies observed at the group-level were consistent across individuals in the group. Exemplar typicality (typical or atypical) was manipulated within the to-be judged events to determine whether typicality played a role in strategy use and frequency judgments. Group-level analyses revealed evidence of enumeration in multiple-exemplar conditions. However, individual-level analyses revealed that few participants engaged in enumeration indicating that the group results were driven by a small number of participants. Exemplar typicality did not reliably affect strategy use or frequency judgments. Implications of using group-level and individual-level analyses are discussed.

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