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    Topological frustration of artificial spin ice

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    Date
    2017-01-13
    Author
    Drisko, Jasper
    Marsh, Thomas
    Cumings, John
    Citation
    Nature Communications, 8:14009, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14009
    DRUM DOI
    https://doi.org/10.13016/M2Q23R08Z
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    Abstract
    Frustrated systems, typically characterized by competing interactions that cannot all be simultaneously satisfied, display rich behaviours not found elsewhere in nature. Artificial spin ice takes a materials-by-design approach to studying frustration, where lithographically patterned bar magnets mimic the frustrated interactions in real materials but are also amenable to direct characterization. Here, we introduce controlled topological defects into square artificial spin ice lattices in the form of lattice edge dislocations and directly observe the resulting spin configurations. We find the presence of a topological defect produces extended frustration within the system caused by a domain wall with indeterminate configuration. Away from the dislocation, the magnets are locally unfrustrated, but frustration of the lattice persists due to its topology. Our results demonstrate the non-trivial nature of topological defects in a new context, with implications for many real systems in which a typical density of dislocations could fully frustrate a canonically unfrustrated system.
    Notes
    Partial funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/1903/19708
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