Computer Science
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Item Health Care Management System for Diabetes Mellitus: A Model-based Systems Engineering Framework(2015) Katsipis, Iakovos; Baras, John S.; Systems Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)The present thesis develops a framework for Health Care Management Systems using modern Model-Based Systems Engineering methodologies and applies it to Diabetes Mellitus. The desired architecture of such systems is described. Tests and interventions, including Health Care IT, used for Diabetes 2 diagnosis and treatment, are described and modeled. A Controlled Markov Chain model for the progression of Diabetes Mellitus with three states, three diagnostic tests, ten interventions, three patient types, is developed. Evaluation metrics for healthcare quality and associated costs are developed. Using these metrics and disease models, two methods for tradeoff analysis between healthcare quality and costs are developed and analyzed. One is an exhaustive Monte Carlo simulation and the other utilizes multi-criteria optimization with full state information. The latter obtains similar results as the former at a fraction of the time. Practical examples illustrate the powerful capabilities of the framework. Future research directions and extensions are described.Item ENERGY HARVESTING MICROGENERATORS FOR BODY SENSOR NETWORKS(2014) Dadfarnia, Mehdi; Baras, John S; Systems Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)Body sensor networks have the potential to become an asset for personalizing healthcare delivery to patients in need. A key limitation for a successful implementation of body sensor networks comes from the lack of a continuous, reliable power source for the body-mounted sensors. The aim of this thesis is to model and optimize a micro-energy harvesting generator that prolongs the operational lifetime of body sensors and make them more appealing, especially for personalized healthcare purposes. It explores a model that is suitable for harvesting mechanical power generated from human body motions. Adaptive optimization algorithms are used to maximize the amount of power harvested from this model. Practicality considerations discuss the feasibility of optimization and overall effectiveness of implementing the energy harvester model with respect to body sensor power requirements and its operational lifetime.Item Information Diffusion: A Study of Twitter During Large Scale Events(2014) Rogers, Christa Daniella; Herrmann, Jeffrey; Systems Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)The diffusion of information through population affects how and when the public reacts in various situations. Thus, it is important to understand how and at what speed important information spreads. Social media platforms are important to track and understand such diffusion. Twitter provides a convenient and effective way to measure it. This study used data obtained from 15,000 Twitter users. Data was collected on the following events: Hurricane Irene, Hurricane Sandy, Osama Bin Laden's capture, and the United States' 2012 Presidential Election. Information such as the time of a tweet, the user name, content, and the ID was analyzed to measure the diffusion of information and track the trajectory of retweets. The spread of information was visualized and analyzed to determine how far and how fast the information spread. The results show how information spreads and the content analysis of data sets indicate the importance of different topics to users.Item MODEL BASED SYSTEMS ENGINEERING APPROACH FOR COLLABORATIVE REQUIREMENTS IN COOLING WATER SYSTEM DESIGN(2014) Abeye, Binyam; Bara, John; Systems Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)Evaluation of the manufacturing process industry confirms that there is still manual exchange of product data between design and procurement engineers and equipment suppliers. Manual data exchange incurs human error, increases the cost, and takes more time. Also manual data exchange prevents designers from automatically evaluating a larger pool of suppliers and verifying supplier requirements. Even current PLM software faces difficulties with flow of requirements information from different suppliers. This thesis proposes to develop a collaborative requirements framework using a Model Based System Engineering approach to representing, communicating, and verifying requirements. Collaborative requirements entail that equipment data and process system requirements are shared in a common way to encourage automated of equipment tradeoff and requirement traceability. The collaborative requirement framework includes SysML to represent the multiple views of requirements and their relation to the system structure and behavior, Multilevel Flow Model functional diagrams to depict the high level qualitative functionality with relation to requirements, and lastly an optimization tool to verify requirements. Overall, this thesis shows the benefits of using the collaborative requirements framework automating data exchange between design engineers and equipment suppliers.Item David Daily(2014) Daily, David Richard; Baras, John; Systems Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)Energy efficient buildings are becoming more necessary to meet government standards, reduce operating costs, and curb emissions. However, designing efficient buildings is significantly complicated as designers must account for hundreds of design parameters across multiple domains. Simulation-based, design space exploration allows for designers to model a building's performance for multiple designs. These simulations can be computationally expensive and time consuming. This thesis explores trade-off analysis in building design space exploration through the use of multi-objective optimization software that seeks to quickly produce optimal designs. Three different techniques are developed producing optimal design configurations for each technique.Item ONTOLOGY-ENABLED TRACEABILITY MODELS FOR ENGINEERING SYSTEMS DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT(2012) Delgoshaei, Parastoo; Austin, Mark A.; Systems Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)This thesis describes new models and a system for satisfying requirements, and an architectural framework for linking discipline-specific dependencies through inter- action relationships at the ontology (or meta-model) level. In a departure from state-of-the-art traceability mechanisms, we ask the question: What design concept (or family of design concepts) should be applied to satisfy this requirement? Solu- tions to this question establish links between requirements and design concepts. The implementation of these concepts leads to the design itself. These ideas, and support for design-rule checking are prototyped through a series of progressively complicated applications, culminating in a case study for rail transit systems management.Item An Optical Density Detection Platform with Integrated Microfluidics for In Situ Growth, Monitoring, and Treatment of Bacterial Biofilms(2012) Mosteller, Matthew Philip; Ghodssi, Reza; Systems Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)Systems engineering strategies utilizing platform-based design methodologies are implemented to achieve the integration of biological and physical system components in a biomedical system. An application of this platform explored, in which an integrated microsystem is developed capable of the on-chip growth, monitoring, and treatment of bacterial biofilms for drug development and fundamental study applications. In this work, the developed systems engineering paradigm is utilized to develop a device system implementing linear array charge-coupled devices to enable real time, non-invasive, label-free monitoring of bacterial biofilms. A novel biofilm treatment method is demonstrated within the developed microsystem showing drastic increases in treatment efficacy by decreasing both bacterial biomass and cell viability within treated biofilms. Demonstration of this treatment at the microscale enables future applications of this method for the in vivo treatment of biofilm-associated infections.Item Integration of SysML with Trade-off Analysis Tools(2012) Spyropoulos, Dimitrios; Baras, John S.; Systems Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)Changes in technology, economy and society create challenges that force us to rethink the way we develop systems. Model-Based Systems Engineering is an approach that can prove catalytic in this new era of systems development. In this work we introduce the concept of the modeling "hub" in order to realize the vision of Model-Based Systems Engineering and especially we focus on the trade-off analysis and design space exploration part of this "hub". For that purpose the capabilities of SysML are extended by integrating it with the trade-off analysis tool Consol-Optcad. The integration framework, the implementation details as well as the tools that were used for this work are described throughout this thesis. The implemented integration is then applied to analyze a very interesting multi-criteria optimization problem concerning power allocation and scheduling of a microgrid.Item A Systems Engineering Framework for Metabolic Engineering Experiments(2011) Johnnie, Joseph George; Austin, Mark; Systems Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)Cells of living organisms simultaneously operate hundreds or thousands of interconnected chemical reactions. Metabolic networks include these chemical reactions and compounds participating in them. Metabolic engineering is a science centered on the analysis and purposeful modification of an organism's metabolic network toward a beneficial purpose, such as production of fuel or medicinal compounds in microorganisms. Unfortunately, there are problems with the design and visualization of modified metabolic networks due to lack of standardized and fully developed visual modeling languages. The purposes of this paper are to propose a multilevel framework for the synthesis, analysis and design of metabolic systems, and then explore the extent to which abstractions from systems engineering (e.g., SysML) can complement and add value to the abstractions currently under development within the greater biological community (e.g., SBGN). The computational test-bed that accompanies this work is production of the anti-malarial drug artemisinin in genetically engineered Saccaharomyces cerevisiae (yeast).