Fischell Department of Bioengineering Research Works

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/6627

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Subject: search.filters.subject.nanoparticles

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    Nanoparticle-assisted, image-guided laser interstitialthermal therapy for cancer treatment
    (Wiley, 2022-06-23) Pang, Sumiao; Kapur, Anshika; Zhou, Keri; Anastasiadis, Pavlos; Ballirano, Nicholas; Kim, Anthony J.; Winkles, Jeffrey A.; Woodworth, Graeme F.; Huang, Huang-Chiao
    Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) guided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a new treatment option for patients with brain and non-central nervous system (non-CNS) tumors. MRI guidance allows for precise placement of optical fiber in the tumor, while MR thermometry provides real-time monitoring and assessment of thermal doses during the procedure. Despite promising clinical results, LITT complications relating to brain tumor procedures, such as hemorrhage, edema, seizures, and thermal injury to nearby healthy tissues, remain a significant concern. To address these complications, nanoparticles offer unique prospects for precise interstitial hyperthermia applications that increase heat transport within the tumor while reducing thermal impacts on neighboring healthy tissues. Furthermore, nanoparticles permit the co-delivery of therapeutic compounds that not only synergize with LITT, but can also improve overall effectiveness and safety. In addition, efficient heat-generating nanoparticles with unique optical properties can enhance LITT treatments through improved real-time imaging and thermal sensing. This review will focus on (1) types of inorganic and organic nanoparticles for LITT; (2) in vitro, in silico, and ex vivo studies that investigate nanoparticles' effect on light–tissue interactions; and (3) the role of nanoparticle formulations in advancing clinically relevant image-guided technologies for LITT.
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    Self-assembly of immune signals to program innate immunity through rational adjuvant design
    (Wiley, 2022-11-14) Bookstaver, Michelle L.; Zeng, Qin; Oakes, Robert S.; Kapnick, Senta M.; Saxena, Vikas; Edwards, Camilla; Venkataraman, Nishedhya; Black, Sheneil K.; Zeng, Xiangbin; Froimchuk, Eugene; Gebhardt, Thomas; Bromberg, Jonathan S.; Jewell, Christopher M.
    Recent clinical studies show activating multiple innate immune pathways drives robust responses in infection and cancer. Biomaterials offer useful features to deliver multiple cargos, but add translational complexity and intrinsic immune signatures that complicate rational design. Here a modular adjuvant platform is created using self-assembly to build nanostructured capsules comprised entirely of antigens and multiple classes of toll-like receptor agonists (TLRas). These assemblies sequester TLR to endolysosomes, allowing programmable control over the relative signaling levels transduced through these receptors. Strikingly, this combinatorial control of innate signaling can generate divergent antigen-specific responses against a particular antigen. These assemblies drive reorganization of lymph node stroma to a pro-immune microenvironment, expanding antigen-specific T cells. Excitingly, assemblies built from antigen and multiple TLRas enhance T cell function and antitumor efficacy compared to ad-mixed formulations or capsules with a single TLRa. Finally, capsules built from a clinically relevant human melanoma antigen and up to three TLRa classes enable simultaneous control of signal transduction across each pathway. This creates a facile adjuvant design platform to tailor signaling for vaccines and immunotherapies without using carrier components. The modular nature supports precision juxtaposition of antigen with agonists relevant for several innate receptor families, such as toll, STING, NOD, and RIG.