Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769
Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.
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Item Hypertension and the Hmong Community: Using the Health Belief Model for Health Promotion(2011) Thalacker, K. M.Hmong Americans are a minority population with a hypertensive health problem that is often undiagnosed and not medically managed. Vulnerable populations, such as ethnic minorities, are susceptible to poor health because of their unique perception of disease and treatment. Healthy People 2010 has goals that include promoting quality of life and eliminating health disparities. The Health Belief Model recognizes an individual’s perceived susceptibility to disease, perceived severity of disease, perceived benefits of certain behaviors in reducing disease, and perceived barriers, such as cost, to preventive action. Nurses and other health care professionals are in a unique position to promote health in these vulnerable populations by using the Health Belief Model. Health promotion includes identifying barriers, empowering individuals through knowledge, as well as encouraging and educating positive health behaviors.Item Examining Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health and Hypertension Control(2008) Satcher, DavidAnational strategy for improving the health of the American people has been defined for each decade since 1980. When Healthy People 20102 was released in 2000, there were 2 overarching goals. The first goal dealt with our need to focus more attention on improving quality of life, not just years of life lived. The second goal was the elimination of disparities in health among different racial and ethnic groups. Whereas reducing disparities in health has been part of Healthy People 2010 for some years, targeting the elimination of disparities in health brought the kind of attention and planning to disparities in health that had not been seen before.Item Equalizing Health Outcomes &Eliminating Health Disparities Strategic Plan of the Nebraska Office of Minority Health(Nebraska Office of Minority Health Nebraska Health and Human Services System, 2006) Schaefer, Joann; Miller, Jacquelyn; Drake, Raponzil; Harrington, AlfredHealth disparities are a prominent issue nationally as well as in Nebraska. Healthy People 2010 defines two overarching goals: increasing the quality and years of healthy life and eliminating health disparities in the United States1. The Nebraska 2010 Health Goals and Objectives outlines a set of health goals and objectives to be achieved by 2010. These goals are consistent with the national goals: eliminating health disparities and increasing the quality and years of healthy life for all people in Nebraska. The question is how to move this agenda forward in a way that optimizes resources and prioritizes needs.Item From Disparity to Parity in Health” Eliminating Health Disparities - Call to Action(Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, 2002) Ngui, Emmanuel; Ngui, EmmanuelShortly after Governor Mike Easley appointed her as Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, Carmen Hooker Odom declared eliminating health disparities a priority for the department. The Secretary charged the Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities with lead responsibility for developing the DHHS Call to Action to Eliminate Health Disparities. A Steering Committee on the Elimination of Health Disparities was also established. The committee, which guides the work of the department in building the department’s capacity to identify and address disparities in each division, is made up of representatives from fourteen divisions and offices in DHHS. The DHHS Call to Action to Eliminate Health Disparities represents the work of the Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities and the DHHS Steering Committee of Eliminating Health Disparities. The Call to Action provides an overview of North Carolina demographics and health disparities. Although the health status of North Carolinians has continued to improve over the last decade, the health status of a large segment of North Carolinians continues to lag behind that of the general population. Recent reports from the North Carolina State Center for Health Statistics document persisting racial and ethnic disparities in health status for almost all conditions. The reports show that African Americans, American Indians and Hispanics in North Carolina are more likely to be in poorer health than the White population in the state.Item Health Disparities among Racial and Ethnic Groups in Rhode Island(2000) Buechner, Jay S.; Buechner, Jay S.The health of racial and ethnic minority populations has been a focus of public health for many years, due to the disparities in health status, exposure to health risks, and access to health care that are revealed when these populations are compared to the White, non-Hispanic population. At the national level, the impact of poor health on the quality and length of life for minority citizens was considered to be so fundamental that one of the three overarching goals of Healthy People 2000 was to reduce health disparities among the disadvantaged.1 In Healthy People 2010, the goal has been made even more challenging; the nation is now committed to the elimination of such disparities entirely.Item Methods for Measuring Cancer Disparities: Using Data Relevant to Healthy People 2010 Cancer-Related Objectives(2005) Harper, Sam; Lynch, JohnHealthy People 2010 has two overarching goals: to increase the span of healthy life and to eliminate health disparities across the categories of gender, race or ethnicity, education or income, disability, geographic location, and sexual orientation (1). This report raises some conceptual issues and reviews different methodological approaches germane to measuring progress toward the goal of eliminating cancer-related health disparities (2). Despite the increased attention to social disparities in health, no clear framework exists to define and measure health disparities. This may create confusion in communicating the extent of cancer-related health disparities and hinder the ability of public health organizations to monitor progress toward the Healthy People 2010 cancer objectives.Item NIH State-of-the-Science Conference on Tobacco Use: Prevention, Cessation, and Control(2006) UNSPECIFIEDObjective To provide health care providers, patients, and the general public with a responsible assessment of currently available data on tobacco use: prevention, cessation and control. Participants A non-DHHS, non-advocate 14-member panel included experts in the fields of medicine, general and pediatric psychiatry, addiction medicine, nursing, social work, population science, cancer prevention, minority health and health disparities, clinical study methodology, clinical epidemiology, and a public representative. A listing of the panel members and their institutional affiliations is included in the draft conference statement. In addition, 15 experts from pertinent fields presented data to the panel and conference audience. Evidence Presentations by experts and a systematic review of the literature prepared by the RTI International-University of North Carolina Evidence-based Practice Center, through the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Scientific evidence was given precedence over anecdotal experience. Conference Process The panel drafted its statement based on scientific evidence presented in open forum and on published scientific literature. The draft statement was presented on the final day of the conference and circulated to the audience for comment. The panel released a revised statement later that day at http://consensus.nih.gov. This statement is an independent report of the panel and is not a policy statement of the NIH or the Federal Government. Conclusions Tobacco use remains a very serious public health problem. Coordinated national strategies for tobacco prevention, cessation, and control are essential if the United States is to achieve the Healthy People 2010 goals. Most adult smokers want to quit, and effective interventions exist. However, only a small proportion of tobacco users try treatment. This gap represents a major national quality-of-care problem. Many cities and states have implemented effective policies to reduce tobacco use; public health and government leaders should learn from these experiences. Because smokeless tobacco use may increase in the United States, it will be increasingly important to understand net population harms related to use of smokeless tobacco. Prevention, especially among youth, and cessation are the cornerstones of strategies to reduce tobacco use. Tobacco use is a critical and chronic problem that requires close attention from health care providers, health care organizations, and research support organizations.Item REACH 2010: Engaging the Circle of Research and Practice to Eliminate Health Disparities: An Interview With Imani Ma’at(2002) Roe, Kathleen M.; Thomas, Stephen; Roe, Kathleen M.; Lancaster, BrickThe Circle of Research and Practice Department offers continuous insight to and between health promotion practitioners, community partners, and researchers. As stated often in this department, the commentaries offered here reflect our commitment to the essential connections between what we know, what we do, and what we learn in our health promotion efforts. Effective health promotion, both research and practice, has the potential to address some of the most complex questions of our time. It also has the ability to address the relationship between private troubles and public issues, offering strategies and interventions that influence the personal behaviors and structural determinants of health. In the effort to eliminate health disparities associated with race and ethnicity in the United States, health promotion research and practice are key partners. Our contribution to this important theme issue of Health Promotion Practice is a commentary based on an interview with Dr. Imani Ma’at, director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) 2010 initiative. REACH 2010, and Dr. Ma’at’s insight into its potential, provide a vibrant example of the circle of research and practice and what can happen when the circle is engaged.Item Framing a Transdisciplinary Research Agenda in Health Education to Address Health Disparities and Social Inequities: A Road Map for SOPHE Action(2006) Gambescia, Stephen F.; Woodhouse, Lynn D.; Auld, M. Elaine; Green, B. Lee; Quinn, Sandra Crouse; Airhihenbuwa, Collins O.the Healthy People 2010 goal of eliminating health disparities through its Strategic Plan. SOPHE held an Inaugural Health Education Research Disparities Summit, Health Disparities and Social Inequities: Framing a Transdisciplinary Research Agenda in Health Education, August 8 and 9, 2005. This article explains the process used at the Summit where more than 80 researchers, academicians, practitioners, and students from across the country convened to ask fundamental questions about health disparity associated with race and ethnicity and how a health education research agenda could help in eliminating these disparities. From this Summit, about a dozen questions and/or recommendations have been developed to frame our future discussions about health disparities. Through its Research Agenda Committee, SOPHE has developed a process of translation and dissemination, including community participation, review, dialogue, and action.Item Healthy People 2010 and Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders: Defining a Baseline of Information(2003) Ghosh, ChandakObjectives. Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health lists 6 areas of disparitiy in minority health services: infant mortality, cancer, cardiovascular disease, HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and immunizations. This study compiles existing Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) health data to establish a baseline. Methods. For federally-sponsored research (1986-2000), the Computer Retrieval of Information on Specific Projects (CRISP) database was analyzed. AAPI initiatives were divided by subpopulation and disparity area. MEDLINE articles (1966-2000) were similarly scrutinized. Results. Few federal health-related grants (0.2%) and MEDLINE articles (0.01%) mention AAPIs. For the 6 disparity areas, significant AAPI data gaps remain. Conclusions. To reach the Healthy People 2010 goals and have useful data, researchers and grant makers must focus on obtaining baseline data for disaggregated AAPI subgroups.