QUANTITATIVE UNDERSTANDING OF TEMPERATURE RISE AND SAFETY IN HIGH – ENERGY SOLID – STATE BATTERIES.

Abstract

The rising demand for renewable energy and electric transportation has increased the need for advanced and safer battery technologies. Conventional lithium – ion batteries face limitations in energy density and safety risks due to the reaction of oxygen from the decomposed cathodes with other battery components, which can cause thermal runaway, leading to fires or explosions. Solid – state batteries, which use a solid electrolyte, offer a promising solution by potentially improving both energy density and safety. This study focuses on the thermal behavior and heat generation of anode – cathode – electrolyte (ACE) (Li / LPSCl / NMC811) solid-state batteries using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show significant heat generation, ranging from 4000 to 5400 J/g NMC811, with a corresponding adiabatic temperature rise of 1300 – 1750 ℃. When small amounts of liquid electrolyte are added, the onset temperature is lowered, and the heat release shifts to higher temperatures. However, the total heat generation remains within a similar range. These findings provide insights into the thermal stability of all – solid – state batteries , and solid – state batteries with small amount of liquid electrolyte, contributing to the development of safer and higher energy density energy storage systems.