Advances in Quantitative Characterizations of Electrophysiological Neural Activity

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dc.contributor.advisorKontson, Kimberly Len_US
dc.contributor.advisorSimon, Jonathan Zen_US
dc.contributor.authorNahmias, Daviden_US
dc.contributor.departmentElectrical Engineeringen_US
dc.contributor.publisherDigital Repository at the University of Marylanden_US
dc.contributor.publisherUniversity of Maryland (College Park, Md.)en_US
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-13T05:33:08Z
dc.date.available2020-07-13T05:33:08Z
dc.date.issued2020en_US
dc.description.abstractDisorders of the brain and nervous system result in more hospitalizations and lost productivity than any other disease group. Electroencephalography (EEG), which measures brain electrical signals from the scalp, is a common neuro-monitoring technique used for diagnostic, rehabilitative, and therapeutic purposes. Understanding EEG quantitatively and its neural correlates with patient characteristics could inform the safety and efficacy of technologies that rely on EEG. In this dissertation, a large clinical data set comprised of over 35,000 recordings as well as data from previous research experiments are utilized to better quantify characteristics of neurological activity. We first propose non-parametric methods of evaluating consistency of quantitative EEG features (qEEG) by applying novel statistical approaches. These results provide data-driven methods of identifying qEEG and their spatial characteristics ideal for various applications, and determining consistencies of novel features using existing data. These qEEG are commonly used in feature-based machine learning applications. Further, EEG-driven deep learning has shown promising results in distinguishing recordings of subjects. To better understand the performance of these two machine learning approaches, we assess their ability to distinguish between subjects taking different anticonvulsants. Our methods could successfully discriminate between patients taking either anticonvulsant and those taking no medications solely from neural activity with similar performance from both feature-based and deep learning approaches. With feature-based methods, it is easier to interpret which qEEG have the most impact on algorithm performance. However, deep learning applications in EEG can present difficulty in understanding and investigating underlying neurophysiological implications. We propose and validate a method to investigate frequency band importance in EEG-driven deep learning models. The easy perturbation EEG algorithm for spectral importance (easyPEASI) is simpler than previous methods and is applied to classifications investigated in this work. Until this point, our work used well segmented EEG from clinical settings. However, EEG is usually corrupted by noise which can degrade its utility. We formulate and validate novel approaches to score electrophysiological signal quality based on the presence of noise from various sources. Further, we apply our method to compare and evaluate the performance of existing artifact removal algorithms.en_US
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.13016/j2li-dyvw
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/26243
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subject.pqcontrolledElectrical engineeringen_US
dc.subject.pqcontrolledNeurosciencesen_US
dc.subject.pqcontrolledArtificial intelligenceen_US
dc.subject.pquncontrolledConnectivityen_US
dc.subject.pquncontrolledConsistency Metricsen_US
dc.subject.pquncontrolledElectroencephalography (EEG)en_US
dc.subject.pquncontrolledExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)en_US
dc.subject.pquncontrolledMachine Learningen_US
dc.subject.pquncontrolledSignal Qualityen_US
dc.titleAdvances in Quantitative Characterizations of Electrophysiological Neural Activityen_US
dc.typeDissertationen_US

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