College of Behavioral & Social Sciences
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The collections in this community comprise faculty research works, as well as graduate theses and dissertations..
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Item Bereaved College Students: Examining Predictors of Grief Counseling Skills Among University Counseling Center Therapists(2019) Jankauskaite, Greta; O'Brien, Karen M.; Psychology; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)Between 22% to 30% of college students are grieving a death of a close friend or family member, and nearly 60% of college seniors report experiencing at least one loss in the last three years of college (Balk, 2011; Cox, Dean, & Kowalski, 2015). The university counseling center often is the primary resource for bereaved students, yet centers have limited resources and some psychologists reported inadequate training for working with grieving students (Kim, 2016). This study examined predictors of grief counseling skills in a sample of university counseling center therapists. Grounded in the death competence model (Gamino & Ritter, 2012), results indicated that cognitive competence and emotional competence predicted grief counseling skills, with training/experience being the most robust predictor. Future directions for research and clinical implications are discussed.Item A Re-Analysis of the Role of Race in the Federal Death Penalty System(2009) Chapman, Brett; Paternoster, Raymond; Criminology and Criminal Justice; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)The death penalty, as the ultimate sanction, has always served as a source of great debate and remains one of the most controversial punishments meted out by the criminal justice system. Due to concerns of its administration and application, a moratorium on the death penalty was declared by the U.S. Supreme Court in Furman v. Georgia in 1972, and states were mandated by the Court to overhaul their respective death sentencing statutes in a manner that would conform to Court-approved standards under the U.S. Constitution. After the death penalty was reinstated in 1976, it was believed by many that the deficiencies cited in sentencing outcomes in capital cases four years earlier in Furman would either be eliminated or at least brought within constitutionally acceptable levels. Although there has been a wealth of empirical studies over the years at the state level, very few analyses have focused on how the death penalty is administered in the Federal system. In 2002, a study was funded to examine the potential influence of race in decisions by U.S. Attorney's Offices to seek or not seek the death penalty for defendants charged with death-eligible offenses under Federal law. Three independent research teams investigated whether charging outcomes could be explained by relevant legal factors such as the heinousness of the offense. However, unlike the wealth of death penalty research which has conducted such analyses using more traditional multivariate models to isolate the effect of race on charging and sentencing outcomes, the three research teams conducted alternate analyses to compare outcomes in white victim versus non-white victim cases. The purpose of the current study will be to examine the role of race on charging decisions made in the federal death penalty system. The final results suggest that capital cases involving white victims may have a higher risk of being charged with the death penalty than cases involving non-white victims.Item Monuments as a National Practice: The Dilemmas of Liberal Nationalism(2007-04-27) Shein, Avital; Terchek, Ronald; Tismaneanu, Vladimir; Government and Politics; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)At first glance, the very idea of liberal nationalism appears to be an oxymoron. It is dedicated to universal liberal values but it maintains that a nation, a particularistic entity par excellence, is a justifiable, legitimate, and even beneficial entity. Liberal nationalism, in other words, tries to reconcile two seemingly irreconcilable values: national and liberal ones. However, if one thinks of liberal nationalism as a set of practices, it becomes clear that liberal nationalism is both possible and actual: it exists, and it is articulated in diverse spheres that touch our everyday lives as well as the foundations of liberal polities. In this study, I consider nationalism (and liberal nationalism in particular) to be a set of practices that continuously create and define the image of the nation, its boundaries, and the meaning of national identity. This dissertation focuses on one of these national practices: national monuments. I argue that as an example of a national practice in the built environment, they are appropriate grounds for exploring the intersection between space and nationalism and, more specifically, between space and liberal nationalism. At the heart of my discussion is the assumption that as a national practice, monuments must operate not only in a traditional (e.g., ethnic) national context, but also in a liberal national one. Therefore, I argue that within a liberal national context, monuments would construct an image of a liberal nation--a nation that melds together national and liberal values. To do so, I first examine how monuments construct an image of a nation; specifically, I focus on the politics of memory and death. This, in turn, leads to my discussion of liberal monuments. I explore the ways in which national monuments can be liberal, as well. Overall, the dissertation seeks to show that liberal monuments capture the dilemmas of liberal nationalism, and that they articulate these dilemmas in space.