Criminology & Criminal Justice

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    The “STICKINESS” of stigma: Guilt by association after a friend's arrest
    (Wiley, 2023-03-30) Tinney, Erin
    Prior research has examined the consequences of one's police contact, but the consequences of vicarious police contact are not as well known. This study expands on labeling theory and the concept of “stickiness” by assessing whether a friend's arrest increases the likelihood of one's police contact. Using a sample of rural youth (N = 13,170), I find that a friend's arrest is associated with an increase in the likelihood of one's first arrest the next year after accounting for other predictors of police contact. Based on my theoretical framework, I interpret this finding as “guilt by association.” In addition, ending relationships with friends who have been arrested does not significantly impact this relationship. This study concludes that police contact may be harmful for a youth's social network and builds on the concept of stickiness by suggesting that stigma not only sticks from one individual to another but may also stay despite efforts to end one's association with the arrested individual. The study expands on preexisting research on the consequences of adolescent police contact by introducing a friend's police contact as a way in which an individual may be more likely to become involved in the justice system.
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    INVESTIGATING THE ‘STICKINESS’ OF STIGMA FOLLOWING A FRIEND’S POLICE CONTACT
    (2020) Tinney, Erin; Jacobsen, Wade; Criminology and Criminal Justice; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)
    The consequences of police contact for youth have been established in the prior literature (e.g., Kirk & Sampson, 2013), yet the potential for guilt by association after police contact has not been thoroughly explored. The current study examines how a youth’s police contact may increase the likelihood of a friend’s police contact after controlling for behavior and other characteristics that are associated with justice system involvement. This study expands upon labeling theory and the concept of “stickiness” by testing whether guilt by association could act as a status characteristic that is “sticky” in two ways. Using longitudinal data from a sample of rural youth, I find that a friend’s police contact is associated with an increase in the likelihood of one’s own contact after accounting for other predictors of police contact. Thus, this study provides additional evidence that police contact may be harmful for youth and their social network.