Health Policy & Management
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/7124
Browse
2 results
Search Results
Item THE EFFECTS OF MEDICAID COVERAGE FOR ABORTION(2024) Kim, Taehyun; Boudreaux, Michel; Health Services Administration; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)In this dissertation, I examine the causal impact of Medicaid abortion coverage on abortion utilization, births, economic, and maternal health outcomes. I do so by leveraging benefit changes in Illinois, Maine, and West Virginia. Major findings suggest Medicaid abortion coverage increases the abortion rate and decreases birth rates, although the effects differ by state. I also found that Medicaid abortion coverage increases individual wage income and decreases the poverty rate among females of reproductive age. I did not find evidence that introducing Medicaid abortion coverage increased educational attainment or decreased maternal morbidity. The findings have important policy implications for the wellbeing of people capable of pregnancy.Item Relationship of neighborhood and individual socioeconomic status on mortality among older adults: Evidence from cross-level interaction analyses(PLOS, 2022-05-19) Kim, TaehyunThe influence of community context and individual socioeconomic status on health is widely recognized. However, the dynamics of how the relationship of neighborhood context on health varies by individual socioeconomic status is less well understood. To examine the relationship between neighborhood context and mortality among older adults and examine how the influence of neighborhood context on mortality differs by individual socioeconomic status, using two measures of income-level and homeownership. A retrospective study of 362,609 Medicare Advantage respondents to the 2014–2015 Medicare Health Outcomes Survey aged 65 and older. Neighborhood context was defined using the deciles of the Area Deprivation Index. Logistic regression was used to analyze mortality with interaction terms between income/homeownership and neighborhood deciles to examine cross-level relationships, controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, number of chronic conditions, obese/underweight, difficulties in activities of daily living, smoking status, and survey year. Predicted mortality rates by group were calculated from the logistic model results. Low-income individuals (8.9%) and nonhomeowners (9.1%) had higher mortality rates com- pared to higher-income individuals (5.3%) and homeowners (5.3%), respectively, and the differences were significant across all neighborhoods even after adjustment. With regression adjustment, older adults residing in less disadvantaged neighborhoods showed lower predicted 2-year mortality among high-income (4.86% in the least disadvantaged neighborhood; 6.06% in the most disadvantaged neighborhood; difference p-value<0.001) or homeowning individuals (4.73% in the least disadvantaged neighborhood; 6.25% in the most disadvantaged neighborhood; difference p-value<0.001). However, this study did not observe a significant difference in predicted mortality rates among low-income individuals by neighborhood (8.7% in the least disadvantaged neighborhood; 8.61% in the most disadvantaged neighborhood; difference p-value = 0.825). Low-income or non-homeowning older adults had a higher risk of mortality regardless of neighborhood socioeconomic status. While living in a less disadvantaged neighborhood provided a protective association for higher-income or homeowning older adults, low- income older adults did not experience an observable benefit.