Theses and Dissertations from UMD

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/2

New submissions to the thesis/dissertation collections are added automatically as they are received from the Graduate School. Currently, the Graduate School deposits all theses and dissertations from a given semester after the official graduation date. This means that there may be up to a 4 month delay in the appearance of a give thesis/dissertation in DRUM

More information is available at Theses and Dissertations at University of Maryland Libraries.

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2008 - 20102

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    NUMERICAL MODELING OF BALCONY SPILL PLUMES USING FIRE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR (FDS)
    (2010) Lim, Johnson Meng Kee; Trouvé, Arnaud C; Fire Protection Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)
    Trends in modern architectural design have led to the proliferation of large atrium buildings. Fires in such buildings can result in significant loss of life and property damage as the propagation of smoke is unimpeded. The design of effective smoke management systems for atrium buildings requires reliable calculation methods to predict the quantity of smoke produced. Numerical modeling using FDS is performed in this research to examine the entrainment processes as the smoke flows from a compartment, through a balcony before discharging into an atrium. Different fire sizes and geometrical configurations are analyzed and empirical correlations are proposed for the mass flow rate of smoke at the spill edge and for the entrainment as the smoke rotates upwards around the spill edge. These correlations show good agreement with experimental data from previous work.
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    Numerical modeling of full scale limited ventilation fire tests
    (2008) Boehmer, Haavard; Trouvé, Arnaud; Fire Protection Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)
    Underventilated enclosure fires represent one of the largest causes of fire fatalities and understanding their behavior is of great interest. The newest major release of the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) has made significant progress towards providing a tool for accurate modeling of underventilated fire behavior. This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the extinction model and two-step combustion model in FDS version 5 by simulating full scale fire tests in an apartment setting with realistic furniture items using heat release rate data from furniture calorimeter and load cell. The extinction model provides a more accurate representation of the fire behavior in the compartment but the oxygen and temperature results are not satisfactory for severely underventilated fires. The effects of the enclosure causes heat release rate data from free-burn calorimeter tests to give a poor representation of the burning behavior of real furniture items in a compartment.