Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769
Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.
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Item Youth Mentor Dietary Outcomes and Waist Circumference Improvement: Camp NERF Study Findings(SAGE Journals, 2019-02-28) Hopkins, Laura; Webster, Alison; Kennel, Julie; Purtell, Kelly; Gunther, CarolynBackground. The health impact of youth mentors serving in the delivery of child nutrition and physical activity (PA) interventions on youth mentors themselves has been understudied. Objective. The primary objective of the current study was to examine the impact of engaging youth mentors in the delivery of a summertime childhood obesity prevention intervention on youth mentors’ behavioral health. Method. Data were collected at baseline and postintervention. A survey of validated nutrition, mental health, PA, and psychosocial questionnaires was administered. Diet was assessed via 24-hour recall. Height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured. In-depth interviews were conducted with youth mentors. Results. Eleven youth mentors enrolled: 60% were female, mean age was 16.1 ± 0.38 years, and 100% were Black. Mean kilocalories (p = .05), sugar-sweetened beverage intake (p = .08), and waist circumference (p = .04) decreased. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 youth mentors, and three themes emerged: perceived improvement in nutrition, PA, and mental health-related behaviors; formation of a positive role modeling relationship with the child campers; and strengthening of higher education goals and future career aspirations. Conclusions. Youth mentor staffing may be an important intervention strategy for changing health behaviors among youth mentors. Results from this study can be used to inform utilization of youth mentors in the delivery of this and similar health behavior interventions in the future.Item A Qualitative Exploration of the Influence of Culture and Extended Family Networks on the Weight-related Behaviors of Urban African American Children(2011) Brown, Natasha A.Background: Childhood obesity is a public health problem with significant long-term implications and racial/ethnic disparities. African American extended family members play a significant role in child rearing and socialization, and research suggests that grandparents, in general, may influence children’s weight-related behaviors. There is, however, a lack of research exploring how urban African American children’s relationships with extended family members may influence children’s weight-related behaviors. Therefore, this study examines how extended family members’ roles and responsibilities may influence urban African American children’s weight-related behaviors, how extended family members socialize children to adopt weight-related behaviors, and how extended family members’ socialization practices may differ from those of primary caregivers. Methods: This study builds upon and extends the work of a previous, mixed-methods study of 31 primary caregiver-child dyads, which was designed to examine household and neighborhood factors related to childhood obesity. In Phase 2, individual semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 8 Baltimore City children; paired interviews were conducted with their primary caregivers and one adult member of each child’s extended family. Manuscript 1 combines qualitative data from both studies to present case studies of the 4 families that participated in both studies. Manuscripts 2 and 3 focus on data collected from Phase 2’s 8 family units, and present detailed analyses of familial influences on children’s physical activity and dietary behaviors, respectively. Findings: Manuscript 1 indicates that mothers and extended family members may differ in their influences on children’s weight-related behaviors, which may be related to differences in the adults’ roles and responsibilities with the children. Manuscript 2 suggests that extended family members may be more physically active with children; this may be influenced by perceived familial closeness and different relationship dynamics. Manuscript 3 indicates that children are consistently taught to value food-based family traditions; however, adults may be inconsistent in the socialization strategies used in day-to-day dietary routines. These findings suggest that future family-based obesity interventions for African American children should extend beyond the immediate family to include key extended family members and consider the extended family networks’ norms and values.Item Racial/Ethnic Differences in Early-Life Risk Factors for Childhood Obesity(2010) Taveras, E. M.; Gillman, M. W.; Kleinman, K.; Rich-Edwards, J. W.; Rifas-Shiman, S. L.Abstract available at publisher's web site.Item Overweight and Depressive Symptoms among African-American Women(2000) Siegel, Judith M; Yancey, Antronette K; McCarthy, William JAbstract available at publisher's web site.Item Social Influences on Self-Reported Physical Activity in Overweight Latino Children(2008) Gesell, S. B.; Reynolds, E. B.; Ip, E. H.; Fenlason, L. C.; Pont, S. J.; Poe, E. K.; Barkin, S. L.Abstract available at publisher's web site.Item Changing Overweight Latino Preadolescent Body Mass Index: The Effect of the Parent-Child Dyad(2011) Barkin, S. L.; Gesell, S. B.; Poe, E. K.; Ip, E. H.Abstract available at publisher's web site.Item Accuracy of Perception of Body Size Among Overweight Latino Preadolescents After a 6-Month Physical Activity Skills Building Intervention(2010) Gesell, S. B.; Scott, T. A.; Barkin, S. L.Abstact available at the publsiher's web site.Item Proximity of food retailers to schools and rates of overweight ninth grade students: an ecological study in California(2011) Howard, Philip H; Fitzpatrick, Margaret; Fulfrost, BrianAbstract available at the publisher's web site.Item Price, availability, and youth obesity: evidence from Bridging the Gap.(2009) Chaloupka, Frank J; Powell, Lisa MAfter a decade of analyzing environmental influences on substance use and its consequences among youth in the United States, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Bridging the Gap program has begun studying the effect of environmental factors on youth physical activity, diet, and weight outcomes. Much of this research has focused on access to food, as reflected by availability and price. Program researchers have documented disparities in access to healthy foods and opportunities for physical activity; healthier food outlets and opportunities for physical activity are relatively less available in communities with lower income and larger proportions of racial/ethnic minority populations. They also have found that healthier environments are associated with more fruit and vegetable consumption, more physical activity, lower body mass index, and reduced likelihood of obesity among youth.Item City gets new prescription for better health: Mayor's Healthy Chicago wellness plan outlines areas needing improvement, strategies to achieve it by 2020(2011) Eng, MonicaVowing to improve the health of Chicagoans and cut the government's soaring health care costs, Mayor Rahm Emanuel went to a sweaty fitness room in Humboldt Park on Tuesday to unveil a comprehensive health agenda that includes a citywide "wellness plan." As part of Emanuel's effort to launch initiatives in his first 100 days, the mayor and Health Commissioner Bechara Choucair presented a Healthy Chicago plan that outlines 12 priority areas — and dozens of measurable health goals the leaders hope to achieve by 2020. The priorities include reduced tobacco use, obesity reduction and prevention, HIV prevention, adolescent health, cancer disparity reduction, better access to health care...