Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769
Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.
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Item Neighborhood socioeconomic status and fruit and vegetable intake among whites, blacks, and Mexican Americans in the United States.(2008) Dubowitz, Tamara; Heron, Melonie; Bird, Chloe E; Lurie, Nicole; Finch, Brian K; Basurto-Dávila, Ricardo; Hale, Lauren; Escarce, José JThe positive association of neighborhood SES with fruit and vegetable intake is one important pathway through which the social environment of neighborhoods affects population health and nutrition for whites, blacks, and Hispanics in the United States.Item Does utilization of screening mammography explain racial and ethnic differences in breast cancer?(2006) Smith-Bindman, Rebecca; Miglioretti, Diana L; Lurie, Nicole; Abraham, Linn; Barbash, Rachel Ballard; Strzelczyk, Jodi; Dignan, Mark; Barlow, William E; Beasley, Cherry M; Kerlikowske, KarlaAfrican-American women are less likely to receive adequate mammographic screening than white women, which may explain the higher prevalence of advanced breast tumors among African-American women. Tumor characteristics may also contribute to differences in cancer outcomes because African-American women have higher-grade tumors than white women regardless of screening. These results suggest that adherence to recommended mammography screening intervals may reduce breast cancer mortality rates.Item Challenges To Using A Business Case For Addressing Health Disparities(2008) Lurie, Nicole; Somers, Stephen A.; Fremont, Allen; Angeles, January; Murphy, Erin K.; Hamblin, AllisonThe authors consider the challenges to quantifying both the business case and the social case for addressing disparities, which is central to achieving equity in the U.S. health care system. They describe the practical and methodological challenges faced by health plans exploring the business and social cases for undertaking disparity-reducing interventions. Despite these challenges, sound business and quality improvement principles can guide health care organizations seeking to reduce disparities. Place-based interventions may help focus resources and engage health care and community partners who can share in the costs of—and gains from—such efforts.Item Impact of a new bicycle path on physical activity(2008) Cohen, Deborah; Sehgal, Amber; Williamson, Stephanie; Golinelli, Daniela; Lurie, Nicole; McKenzie, Thomas L.; Capone-Newton, PeterThere has been a great deal of concern about obesity, with many calls for Americans to increase physical activity. In spite of all the attention and exhortations, the Outdoor Industry Foundation reported that bicycling is declining, having dropped from 3.9 billion outings in 2004 to 3.1 billion outings in 2005 (Outdoor Industry Foundation, 2006). The most dramatic drop in outings was for American females, who averaged 18 paved road biking outings in 2005 compared to 28 in 2004. Although new bike paths and roadways are frequently being built, there are few studies using objective measures in the United States that prospectively document increases in physical activity in response to environmental changes (Morrison et al., 2004; Killoran et al., 2006). Studies of the association between bicycling and the built environment have typically been cross-sectional (Nelson and Allen, 1997; Dill and Carr, 2003) and when change in the built environment is assessed for its impact on physical activity, studies have included repeated cross-sectional self-reports (Ogilvie et al., 2006), retrospective accounts of use over time (Boarnet et al., 2005), or simulations of what is expected (Niemeier, 1996).Item Public Health Preparedness:Evolution Or Revolution?(2006) Lurie, Nicole; Wasserman , Jeffrey; Nelson , Christopher D.The recent emphasis on preparedness has created heightened expectations and has raised questions about the extent to which U.S. public health systems have evolved in recent years. This paper describes how public health preparedness is transforming public health agencies. Key signs of change include new partnerships, changes in the workforce,new technologies, and evolving organizational structures. Each of these elements has had some positive impact on public health; however, integration of preparedness with other public health functions remains challenging. The preparedness mission has also raised challenges in the areas of leadership, governance, quality, and accountability.[Health Affairs 25, no. 4 (2006): 935–945; 10.1377/hlthaff.25.4.935]Item Disparities And Quality Improvement: Federal Policy Levers(2005) Lurie, Nicole; Jung, Minna; Lavizzo-Mourey, RisaUsing a quality improvement framework to address racial and ethnic disparities in health care highlights multiple opportunities for federal and state governments to exert policy leverage, particularly through their roles as purchasers and regulators. Under such a framework, federal and state governments can expand their roles in collecting race/ethnicity data; define universal and meaningful race/ethnicity categories; more broadly disseminate standards for cultural competence; and demand the reduction of disparities through leveraging their status as collectively the largest U.S. health care payer.