Psychology Theses and Dissertations

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    SOCIAL INVALIDATION: AN INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT STUDY
    (2015) Franco, Marisa Gina; O'Brien, Karen M; Psychology; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)
    Social invalidation, the denial of an individual’s racial identity, is a pervasive racial stressor with harmful effects on the mental health and well-being of Multiracial individuals; however, a sufficient measure of this construct has yet to developed. The purpose of this study was to create a psychometrically sound measure to assess social invalidation for use with Multiracial individuals. Four studies were conducted to assess the measure’s psychometric properties with a total of 497 Multiracial adults. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four Social Invalidation factors: Identity Rejection, Phenotype Invalidation, Behavior Invalidation, and Identity Incongruent Discrimination. A confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the initial factor structure. The validity and reliability of the measure, along with its limitations, suggestions for future research, and implications are discussed.
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    Challenges and Resilience in the Lives of Multiracial Adults: the Development and Validation of a Measure
    (2008-01-22) Salahuddin, Nazish; O'Brien, Karen M.; Psychology; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)
    The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate the Multiracial Challenges and Resilience Scale (MCRS). The MCRS is a measure of the types of challenges (i.e., Others' Surprise/Disbelief Reactions, Lack of Family Acceptance/Understanding, Multiracial Discrimination, Feelings of Disconnection from Family and Friends) and resilience (i.e., Appreciation of Human Differences, Multiracial Pride) experienced by Multiracial adults. Participants (N = 317) included a national sample of individuals who identified their biological parents as representing two or more different racial groups. All participants resided in large metropolitan areas within the continental United States at the time of data collection. Data were collected through the use of an internet survey containing the MCRS and measures used to assess convergent and discriminant validity. Internal consistency estimates of subscales ranged from .76 to .83. Convergent validity was supported through positive relations of the Challenge subscales with depression and positive relations of the Resilience scales with self-esteem. Discriminant validity was supported through the absence of correlations between the Challenges scales and Orderliness and lack of relationship between the Resilience scales and Social Desirability. Directions for future research and the limitations of this study are discussed.