Browsing by Author "Resnicow, Ken"
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Item Body and Soul: A Dietary Intervention Conducted Through African-American Churches(2004) Resnicow, Ken; Campbell, Marci Kramish; Carr, Carol; McCarty, Frances; Wang, Terry; Periasamy, Santhi; Rehotep, Simone; Doyle, Colleen; Williams, Alexis; Stables, GloriaObjectives: Body and Soul was a collaborative effort among two research universities, a national voluntary agency (American Cancer Society), and the National Institutes of Health to disseminate and evaluate under real-world conditions the impact of previously developed dietary interventions for African Americans. Methods: Body and Soul was constructed from two successful research-based interventions conducted in African-American churches. Components deemed essential from the prior interventions were combined, and then tested in a cluster randomized–effectiveness trial. The primary outcome was fruit and vegetable intake measured with two types of food frequency questionnaires at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Results: At the 6-month follow-up, intervention participants showed significantly greater fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake relative to controls. Post-test differences were 0.7 and 1.4 servings for the 2-item and 17-item F&V frequency measures, respectively. Statistically significant positive changes in fat intake, motivation to eat F&V, social support, and efficacy to eat F&V were also observed. Conclusions: The results suggest that research-based interventions, delivered collaboratively by community volunteers and a health-related voluntary agency, can be effectively implemented under real-world conditions.Item Church-Based Health Promotion Interventions: Evidence and Lessons Learned(2007) Campbell, Marci Kramish; Hudson, Marlyn Allicock; Resnicow, Ken; Blakeney, Natasha; Paxton, Amy; Baskin, MonicaChurch-based health promotion (CBHP) interventions can reach broad populations and have great potential for reducing health disparities. From a socioecological perspective, churches and other religious organizations can influence members’ behaviors at multiple levels of change. Formative research is essential to determine appropriate strategies and messages for diverse groups and denominations. A collaborative partnership approach utilizing principles of community-based participatory research, and involving churches in program design and delivery, is essential for recruitment, participation, and sustainability. For African Americans, health interventions that incorporate spiritual and cultural contextualization have been effective. Evidence indicates that CBHP programs have produced significant impacts on a variety of health behaviors. Key elements of CBHP are described with illustrations from the authors’ research projects.Item Cigarette smoking interventions among diverse populations(2011) Fernander, Anita; Resnicow, Ken; Viswanath, K.; Pérez-Stable, Eliseo J.Item Clinical Trial Awareness Among Racial/Ethnic Minorities in HINTS 2007: Sociodemographic, Attitudinal, and Knowledge Correlates(2010) Langford, Aisha; Resnicow, Ken; An, LawrenceThe purpose of this study was (1) to examine the association of race/ethnicity on clinical trial awareness, controlling for several sociodemographic, attitudinal, and knowledge variables, and (2) to inform future communication campaigns to increase clinical trial awareness and participation. Secondary analysis was conducted among 6,754 Hispanic, Black, and White adult respondents to the National Cancer Institute's 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). The dependent variable was awareness of clinical trials. Logistic regression was used to examine possible correlates of clinical trial awareness including sociodemographics, trust of sources of health information, beliefs about safety of health information, family/personal history of cancer, health seeking information, and awareness of three health agencies. Compared with Whites, Blacks and Hispanics were significantly less likely to have heard of a clinical trial. Other significant correlates of clinical trial awareness included education, income, belief that health information is safely guarded, family history of cancer, awareness of the Centers for Disease control, trust of health information from the Internet and charitable organizations, and distrust of health information from religious institutions. Blacks and Hispanics are significantly less aware of clinical trials. Campaigns that exploit unique beliefs and delivery channels for racial/ethnic subgroups should be considered.Item Keepin’ It R.E.A.L.!: Program Description and Results of Baseline Assessment(2002) DiIorio, Colleen; Resnicow, Ken; Thomas, Stephen; Wang, Dongqing Terry; Dudley, William N.; Van Marter, Deborah F.; Lipana, JennyIn this article, the authors present the results of the analysis of the baseline data fromKeepin’it R.E.A.L.!, an HIV prevention project developed for mothers and their adolescents. Six hundred twelve mostly male (60.6%) and African American (98.2%) adolescents completed baseline assessments. Eleven percent of the adolescent participants reported initiating sexual intercourse. Adolescent participants expressing higher levels of self-efficacy to resist peer pressure, more favorable outcome expectancies, less communication about sex with their mothers, higherle vels of self-concept related to theirbeha vior, lowerle vels of self-concept related to popularity, and less stress reported fewer types of intimate sexual behaviors. Adolescent participants who reported higher selfefficacy to resist peer pressure to have sex and lower levels of stress were less likely to have initiated sexual intercourse. Selected characteristics of mothers did not contribute to understanding factors associated with intimate sexual behaviors or initiation of sexual intercourse among adolescent participants.