THE RACIAL DISPARITY OBSERVED IN PROSTATE cancer incidence and mortality rates between African American and white men in the United States is the subject of intense investigation. Various reports, including those of the American Cancer Society (ACS)1 and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute,2 indicate that African American men are at the highest risk for developing prostate cancer and have overall mortality rates 2-fold higher than white men. In this issue of ARCHIVES, Gilligan et al3 examine rates of prostate cancer screening in African American men compared with men of other races in the United States. Data adjusted for socioeconomic status and comorbidities in this report show that African American men are less likely to undergo routine screening for prostate cancer as recommended by the ACS, which suggests that greater efforts must be made to advocate screening in this population to reduce prostate cancer mortality.