School of Public Health
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/1633
The collections in this community comprise faculty research works, as well as graduate theses and dissertations.
Note: Prior to July 1, 2007, the School of Public Health was named the College of Health & Human Performance.
Browse
2 results
Search Results
Item Do physicians with academic affiliation have lower burnout and higher career-related satisfaction?(Springer Nature, 2022-04-26) Zhuang, Chu; Hu, Xiaochu; Dill, Michael J.Physicians report increasing burnout and declining career-related satisfaction, negatively impacting physician well-being and patient care quality. For physicians with academic affiliations, these issues can directly affect future generations of physicians. Previous research on burnout and satisfaction has focused on factors like work hours, gender, race, specialty, and work setting. We seek to contribute to the literature by examining these associations while controlling for demographic, family, and work-related characteristics. Furthermore, we aim to determine any differential effects of faculty rank. We analyzed data on practicing physicians in the U.S. from the Association of American Medical College’s (AAMC) 2019 National Sample Survey of Physicians (NSSP,) which includes variables adapted from the Maslach Burnout Inventory. We used ordinal logistic regressions to explore associations between academic affiliation and burnout. We conducted a factor analysis to consolidate satisfaction measures, then examined their relationship with academic affiliation using multivariate linear regressions. All regression analyses controlled for physicians’ individual, family, and work characteristics. Among respondents (n = 6,000), 40% were affiliated with academic institutions. Physicians with academic affiliations had lower odds than their non-affiliated peers for feeling emotional exhaustion every day (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.87; 95% CI: 0.79–0.96; P < .001) and reported greater career-related satisfaction (0.10–0.14, SE, 0.03, 0.02; P < .001). The odds of feeling burnt out every day were higher for associate professors, (OR 1.57; 95% CI: 1.22–2.04; P < .001) assistant professors, (OR 1.64; 95% CI: 1.28–2.11; P < .001), and instructors (OR 1.72; 95% CI, 1.29–2.29; P < .001), relative to full professors. Our findings contribute to the literature on burnout and career satisfaction by exploring their association with academic affiliation and examining how they vary among different faculty ranks. An academic affiliation may be an essential factor in keeping physicians’ burnout levels lower and career satisfaction higher. It also suggests that policies addressing physician well-being are not “one size fits all” and should consider factors such as academic affiliation, faculty rank and career stage, gender identity, the diversity of available professional opportunities, and institutional and social supports. For instance, department chairs and administrators in medical institutions could protect physicians’ time for academic activities like teaching to help keep burnout lower and career satisfaction higher.Item Graduate school burnout and attrition: Examining associations with substance use, mental health problems, and academic support(2018) Allen, Hannah Katherine; Arria, Amelia; Public and Community Health; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)There is a well-established connection between health and academic achievement among high school and undergraduate students. Despite the high prevalence of substance use and mental health problems during young adulthood, few studies have examined these relationships among graduate students. Two distinct but interrelated studies were conducted to examine substance use and mental health problems as potential contributors to graduate student burnout and attrition, both individually and in conjunction with academic support factors including advisor satisfaction, departmental support, and program climate. The selection of these variables was determined by an overarching socio-ecological framework, whereby academic success is driven by multiple spheres of influence. The first study utilized secondary data to understand the associations between patterns in alcohol consumption, marijuana use, and mental health during the undergraduate college years and graduate degree completion. The lack of association found between behavioral health during college and graduate degree completion might be due to a decrease in mental health and substance use problems during the post-college years, as well as a possible selection effect where those with mental health and substance use problems are less likely to enroll in graduate school. The second study involved primary data collection to examine the correlates of substance use, mental health problems, and academic support among a sample of graduate students, as well as evaluate the associations between these variables and three dimensions of burnout (exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy). Findings showed graduate student subgroups that might be at increased risk for behavioral health problems, particularly professional doctoral students and students enrolled in programs in the humanities and social sciences. High-risk alcohol use, stress, and depression symptoms were all associated with increased levels of burnout, but high levels of departmental and advisor support appeared to buffer this effect. This research is a first step in extending knowledge on the relationship between potentially modifiable health-related risk factors and graduate student burnout and attrition. This line of research has implications for graduate students, faculty, and administrators who are committed to improving student success and well-being.