Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
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Item Eliminating Health Disparities in the African American Population: The Interface of Culture, Gender, and Power(2006) Airhihenbuwa, C. O.; Liburd, L.Absstract available at publisher's web site.Item NCI Awards $19.3M for Multisite Investigation of Cancer Disparities(2011) UNSPECIFIEDWhy are African-American women more likely than those of European descent to be diagnosed with breast cancer at a young age, and with poor prognoses? It’s a provocative question, and one that a multidisciplinary team from the Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University (BU), the University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (UNC) and Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) are coming together to address, supported by a five-year, $19.3 million award from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). This “team science” effort to better understand a significant health disparity will be led by Co-Principal Investigators Julie Palmer, ScD, from BU, …Item Race in a Bottle(2007) Kahn, JonathanTwo years ago, on June 23, 2005, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first “ethnic” drug. Called BiDil (pronounced “bye-dill”), it was intended to treat congestive heart failure—the progressive weakening of the heart muscle to the point where it can no longer pump blood efficiently —in African-Americans only. The approval was widely declared to be a significant step toward a new era of personalized medicine, an era in which pharmaceuticals would be specifically designed to work with an individual’s particular genetic makeup. Known as pharmacogenomics, this approach to drug development promises to reduce the cost and increase the safety and efficacy of new therapies. BiDil was also hailed as a means to improve the health of African-Americans, a community woefully underserved by the U.S. medical establishment. Organizations such as the Association of Black Cardiologists and the Congressional Black Caucus strongly supported the drug’s approval. A close inspection of BiDil’s history, however, shows that the drug is ethnic in name only.Item Historical and Current Policy Efforts to Eliminate Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in the US. Future Opportunities for Public Health Education Research(2006) Thomas, Stephen B.; Benjamin, Georges C.; Almario, Donna; Lathan, Monica J.In the summer of 2005, the Society for Public Health Education convened a meeting, Health Disparities and Social Inequities, with the task of setting the minority health disparities research agenda for public health educators. The article provides a history of minority health efforts beginning with the Negro Health Improvement Week in 1915 and an overview of National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) current 5-year strategic research plan to eliminate health disparities. The plan’s goals represent a significant investment in minority health research and the emergence of NIH as the leading federal agency funding health disparity research. Understanding the history of minority health efforts and current health disparity research offers a perspective that will help guide public health educators in reaching the Healthy People 2010 goal of eliminating racial and ethnic health disparities.Item Healthy People 2010 and Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders: Defining a Baseline of Information(2003) Ghosh, ChandakObjectives. Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health lists 6 areas of disparitiy in minority health services: infant mortality, cancer, cardiovascular disease, HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and immunizations. This study compiles existing Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) health data to establish a baseline. Methods. For federally-sponsored research (1986-2000), the Computer Retrieval of Information on Specific Projects (CRISP) database was analyzed. AAPI initiatives were divided by subpopulation and disparity area. MEDLINE articles (1966-2000) were similarly scrutinized. Results. Few federal health-related grants (0.2%) and MEDLINE articles (0.01%) mention AAPIs. For the 6 disparity areas, significant AAPI data gaps remain. Conclusions. To reach the Healthy People 2010 goals and have useful data, researchers and grant makers must focus on obtaining baseline data for disaggregated AAPI subgroups.Item Comprehensive Strategic Plan To Reduce and Ultimately Eliminate Health Disparities(2002) UNSPECIFIEDDespite progress in biomedical science over the past several decades that has increased longevity and improved quality of life for many in our Nation, a heavier burden of disease continues to be borne by some populations, particularly minorities, the poor and underserved. For example, the death rate from prostate cancer among African American men is almost twice that of white men, and stomach cancer mortality is substantially higher among Asian-Pacific Islanders, including Native Hawaiians, than other populations. Cervical cancer incidence in Hispanic women has been consistently higher at all ages than for other women, and African American women have the highest death rate from cervical cancer. Overall, men are about 50 percent more likely than women to die from cancer, and among all women, Alaskan Natives are about 30 percent more likely to die from cancer. It is these disturbing statistics coupled with the fact that reductions in cancer incidence and mortality are occurring in many, but not all, sectors of our Nation, that prompts NCI to examine major determinants of cancer health disparities (e.g., poverty, culture, and social injustice). It is the interrelationship among these factors that must be carefully weaved into the cancer research agenda in order to remedy the unequal burden of cancer.Item The Color Line: Race Matters in the Elimination of Health Disparities(2001) Thomas, Stephen BThe “color line” is not fixed but ripples through time, finding expression at distinct stages of our development as a nation. As the meaning of race has changed over time, its burdens and privileges have shifted among population groups. At one time in our history, for instance, the Irish and Italians were considered “non-White,” along with other immigrants who were not descendants of the early Anglo-Saxon Protestant settlers. In this issue of the Journal, Gerald Oppenheimer traces the color line through the course of American history.1 He demonstrates how the original language of White racial differences began with the anxious response of early Americans to waves of immigration, beginning in the 1840s when the Irish (or Celts) entered US ports, followed by nationals from Central, Southern, and Eastern Europe. Over time, the descendants of these “White ethnic groups” became the monolithic Caucasian race, the majority population, superior in all respects to the Black people of African descent.1Item Racism in Medicine: Health Parity for African Americans(2002) UNSPECIFIEDThere are many false race-based myths concerning the history of man’s culture, civilization and modern medicine that are believed and taught even today. Today, these myths are being perpetuated, intentionally or unintentionally, in our universities and lower educational systems — and are therefore fostering misunderstandings that hinder resolving the issue of race and racism that is pervasive in American society. You will hear a provocative yet historic and evidenced-based presentation designed to further your understanding on the impact that racism had and still has in medicine.Item A selected, annotated list of materials that support the development of policies designed to reduce racial and ethnic health disparities(2004) Donatiello, Joann E; Droese, Peter W; Kim, Soo HResearch documents the existence of racial and ethnic health disparities. As a result, policy makers are seeking to address these disparities. This list is a starting point for building or updating a collection that supports this policy development process. It is written for health policy librarians and researchers and includes annotated recommendations for books, periodicals, government publications, and Websites. Entries for print publications are primarily from 1998 to 2003.Item GSPH Center for Minority Health Launches Healthy Black Family Project Effort aimed at decreasing diabetes, hypertension in Pittsburgh neighborhoods(University of Pittsburgh, 2004) Aldinger, Alan; Afriyie, RoseThe Pitt Graduate School of Public Health (GSPH) Center for Minority Health has taken its public health campaign to city neighborhoods by launching the Healthy Black Family Project (HBFP), aimed at preventing diabetes and hypertension in African American neighborhoods in Pittsburgh’s East End. The program was announced Oct. 26 during a news conference at the Kingsley Association Community Center in East Liberty.