Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
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Item Item Disparities in Nursing Home Quality Selected Measures - United States 2011(2014) UNSPECIFIEDWhile the health care quality improvement community has prioritized health disparities in acute care settings, such as hospital inpatient and ambulatory care, less attention was given to disparities in long-term care. This is despite the fact that a growing body of evidence documents pervasive racial, ethnic, and class disparities in long-term care in the United States.5-10 Furthermore, in the past decade, nursing homes have instituted various quality improvement programs and collaboratives, but it is unclear what effect they might have had on disparities. To determine what effect quality improvement efforts have had on disparities, we conducted analyses of the prevalence of selected nursing home clinical measures among long-stay nursing home residents.Item Developing a Model for Measuring the Efficiency of the Health System in Canada(2012) UNSPECIFIEDHealth system policy- and decision-makers have a responsibility to ensure that scarce health system resources are used wisely to provide the best possible health services to the public while containing current and future costs. Measuring variations in health system efficiency and learning from them could be a helpful approach for policy- and decision-makers in this regard as it could inform policies and interventions maximizing health outcomes from scarce public resources. The goal of this project is to develop an approach for measuring the technical efficiency of the health system in a manner that is relevant to federal, provincial, territorial and regional policy- and decision-makers. Consultations with health system stakeholders at federal, provincial and territorial levels were the most significant contributions in defining this approach. A review of health system data available in Canada at the provincial, territorial and regional levels helped assess the feasibility of the health system efficiency measurement model proposed. The report provides an overview of the methods used to develop the approach, describes the main decision points and concludes with a presentation of an approach to health system efficiency measurement at the provincial and regional levels. The next steps in the project are as follows: test the model, using available data to produce preliminary results of the health system efficiency measure; engage with policy-makers and health system managers at the regional level to explore possible factors leading to inefficiencies; and identify successful policies that can serve as a learning opportunity for Canadian jurisdictions.Item Virginia Health Equity Report 2012(2012) UNSPECIFIEDThe 2012 Virginia Health Equity Report draws attention to health inequities among Virginians of varying socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and urban/rural backgrounds. It recommends various inter-sectoral strategies and collaboration, for promoting health equity in Virginia. It provides a foundation on which partners and stakeholders can develop new plans/strategies and also receive/provide education on the Social Determinants of Health (SDOH), with the goal of shaping policy and decision-making that promotes health equity in Virginia.Item Medicaid: A Lifeline for Blacks and Latinos with Serious Health Care Needs(2011) UNSPECIFIEDReport, commissioned by the Families USA, the Joint Center Health Policy Institute and other allies, describes the likely impact on African Americans and Latinos of cuts to Medicaid, the program on which millions of low-income Americans rely. It contains state-specific data for blacks and Latinos who rely on Medicaid and suffer from chronic medical conditions such as cancer, diabetes, chronic lung disease and heart disease.Item The Health of Latinos in Baltimore City 2011(BALTIMORE CITY HEALTH DEPARTMENT, 2011) UNSPECIFIEDLatinos comprise the fastest growing racial or ethnic group in Baltimore City and nationwide. By mid‐century, Latinos will constitute nearly one third of the nation’s population. In Baltimore City, the Latino community represents a diverse and heterogeneous group, with many different cultural heritages (Mexican, Central American, South American, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican, and other Hispanic/Latino backgrounds). The community also differs widely on Language fluency, immigration status, and time and generations living in the U.S. The Latino health status report is a comprehensive review of available health data for Baltimore City’s Latino residents. It describes how the health of Baltimore Latinos,…Item Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health(World Health Organization, 2008) UNSPECIFIEDThe Commission on Social Determinants of Health was set up by former World Health Organization Director-General J.W. Lee. It was tasked to collect, collate, and synthesize global evidence on the social determinants of health and their impact on health inequity, and to make recommendations for action to address that inequity.Item Healthy Women, Healthy Babies: How Health Reform Can Improve the Health of Women and Babies in America(2011) UNSPECIFIEDAmerican women are not receiving the health care they need — and it is not just their health that is suffering. Compared to other developed nations, the United States has high infant mortality rates, as well as low life expectancy rates for women. The country must improve how it cares for women, not just for the sake of women themselves, but because evidence shows that a woman’s wellbeing prior to conception can significantly impact her baby’s health. The problem is urgent. Throughout the 20th century, this country steadily reduced the number of infant deaths; but over the past 10 years, rates have stagnated. Moreover, experts say that our rates of premature birth, and of infants born with developmental disabilities, are also too high. Over the past 25 years, understanding the importance of helping women stay healthier during their childbearing years has led to the development of a new approach known as “preconception” care, which aims to provide health education, screening, and interventions to all women of reproductive age, to improve health and help them have healthy babies when and if they choose. The new health reform law, the 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA), offers a crucial opportunity to expand this comprehensive strategy, and to improve women’s health and the health of their infants. The law will strengthen public health and prevention, and will ensure that millions of previously uninsured women of childbearing age have adequate health coverage. It will also improve coverage for many women who now have inadequate health insurance, and create programs to provide extra care and guidance for women who are likely to have health problems related to pregnancy.Item Improving the Health of Low-Income and Minority Communities(2011) UNSPECIFIEDWHY ARE HEALTH DISPARITIES A THREAT TO OUR NATION’S HEALTH? Lower-Income and Minority Communities Systematically Have Less Access to Health Care, Higher Exposure to Health Threats, and Worse Health Outcomes:Item Improving Data Collection to Reduce Health Disparities(2011) UNSPECIFIEDMany racial and ethnic minorities, people with disabilities, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) communities, and other commonly underserved populations face unique health challenges, have reduced access to health care and insurance, and often pay the price with poorer health throughout their lives. These underserved populations are less likely to get the preventive care they need to stay healthy and are more likely to suffer from serious illnesses like diabetes and heart disease. When these populations do get sick, they are less likely to have access to quality health care. As a result, health disparities persist.
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