Psychology

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Subject: search.filters.subject.decision making

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    Reactive and Proactive Adaptation of Cognitive and Motor Neural Signals during Performance of a Stop-Change Task
    (MDPI, 2021-05-11) Brockett, Adam T.; Roesch, Matthew R.
    The ability to inhibit or suppress unwanted or inappropriate actions, is an essential component of executive function and cognitive health. The immense selective pressure placed on maintaining inhibitory control processes is exemplified by the relatively small number of instances in which these systems completely fail in the average person’s daily life. Although mistakes and errors do inevitably occur, inhibitory control systems not only ensure that this number is low, but have also adapted behavioral strategies to minimize future failures. The ability of our brains to adapt our behavior and appropriately engage proper motor responses is traditionally depicted as the primary domain of frontal brain areas, despite evidence to the fact that numerous other brain areas contribute. Using the stop-signal task as a common ground for comparison, we review a large body of literature investigating inhibitory control processes across frontal, temporal, and midbrain structures, focusing on our recent work in rodents, in an effort to understand how the brain biases action selection and adapts to the experience of conflict.
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    THE EFFECTS OF ORDER AND DIFFERENTIATING INFORMATION IN DECISION MAKING
    (2005-05-03) Rivadeneira Cortez, Anna Walkyria; Norman, Kent L; Psychology; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)
    A condition under which both primacy and recency effects occur is demonstrated. Primacy and recency are observed in decisions among alternatives that do not have differentiating information. Decision makers, however, need to base their decisions on differentiating information; individuals search for information that may assist them in discriminating options. Only under the absence of such information order effects influence decisions.