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Item Beyond Plagiarism: Scientific Ethics and Its Other Aspects(MDPI, 2018-05-08) Baykoucheva, SvetlaThe purpose of science is to advance human knowledge, cure diseases, and make life for people better. Does the current competitive environment in academia allow researchers to pursue such noble goals? The increase we see in the number of articles retracted by even reputable journals is quite alarming, and we need to have an honest discussion about why this is happening. When talking about scientific ethics, we usually focus on plagiarism and scientific fraud. Scientific misconduct may be very subtle (like, not citing peer’s articles), but sometimes it is more obvious (fabricating results). Scientific ethics, though, is much more than plagiarism and fabrication of data. As you will see, the authors of the articles included in this issue have looked at scientific ethics from a broader perspective.Item Eugene Garfield’s Ideas and Legacy and Their Impact on the Culture of Research(MDPI, 2019-06-14) Baykoucheva, SvetlaEugene Garfield advanced the theory and practice of information science and envisioned information systems that made the discovery of scientific information much more efficient. The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), which he founded in Philadelphia in 1960, developed innovative information products that have revolutionized science. ISI provided current scientific information to researchers all over the world by publishing the table of contents of key scientific journals in the journal Current Contents (CC). Garfield introduced the citation as a qualitative measure of academic impact and propelled the concepts of “citation indexing” and “citation linking”, paving the way for today’s search engines. He created the Science Citation Index (SCI), which raised awareness about citations; triggered the development of new disciplines (scientometrics, infometrics, webometrics); and became the foundation for building new important products such as Web of Science. The journal impact factor (IF), originally designed to select journals for the SCI, became the most widely accepted tool for measuring academic impact. Garfield actively promoted English as the international language of science and became a powerful force in the globalization of research. His ideas changed how researchers gather scientific information, communicate their findings, and advance their careers. This article looks at the impact of Garfield’s ideas and legacy on the culture of research.Item Ethics in scientific publishing(Elsevier, 2015-07) Baykoucheva, SvetlaThe scientific publishing enterprise relies strongly on the ethics of the scientific community. The editors and reviewers of scholarly journals try to do their best to identify areas of concern when reviewing a paper for publication, but they, as much as anyone, are not immune to bias. With the tremendous pressure on researchers to publish and the huge competition to have papers accepted by high-impact journals, scientific fraud is on the rise. Fabricating results in medical research is particularly dangerous, as it could affect the well-being of many people. Although there is no system of control that can completely eliminate fraud, everything possible should be done to prevent it, because the intentional misconduct of a single author can seriously damage the reputation of a department, an institution, and a publication. This chapter discusses unethical behavior and what scientific journals are doing to detect it prior to publication.Item Eugene Garfield’s Ideas and Legacy and Their Impact on the Culture of Research(MDPI, 2019-06-14) Baykoucheva, SvetlaEugene Garfield advanced the theory and practice of information science and envisioned information systems that made the discovery of scientific information much more efficient. The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), which he founded in Philadelphia in 1960, developed innovative information products that have revolutionized science. ISI provided current scientific information to researchers all over the world by publishing the table of contents of key scientific journals in the journal Current Contents (CC). Garfield introduced the citation as a qualitative measure of academic impact and propelled the concepts of “citation indexing” and “citation linking”, paving the way for today’s search engines. He created the Science Citation Index (SCI), which raised awareness about citations; triggered the development of new disciplines (scientometrics, infometrics, webometrics); and became the foundation for building new important products such as Web of Science. The journal impact factor (IF), originally designed to select journals for the SCI, became the most widely accepted tool for measuring academic impact. Garfield actively promoted English as the international language of science and became a powerful force in the globalization of research. His ideas changed how researchers gather scientific information, communicate their findings, and advance their careers. This article looks at the impact of Garfield’s ideas and legacy on the culture of research.Item Eugene Garfield – The Giant of Scientific Information (1925 – 2017)(Az-buki National Publishing House [Национално издателство за образование и наука „Аз-буки“], 2017) Baykoucheva, Svetla; Байкушева, СветлаThe article analyzes the impact of Eugene Garfield's legacy on science and scientific information. The Institute for Scientific Information in Philadelphia (USA), which was founded by Garfield, developed many new revolutionary information products such as the Science Citation Index (SCI), the journal "Current Contents," and many scientific databases. The Science Citation Index has been one of the most important events in science, as it has changed how researchers find information, communicate their results, and even how they are evaluated and promoted. Garfield's idea to use works cited in scientific articles to find scientific information has led to the creation of new disciplines such scientometrics, infometrics, and bibliometrics. [Статията анализира приносите на Юджийн Гарфийлд към науката за информацията. Основаният от него "Институт за научна информация" във Филаделфия стана люлка за създаването на много иновационни продукти, като Научния индекс на цитиране, списанието "Current Contents" и ценни научни бази данни. Идеята на Гарфийлд да се използуват цитираните статии за намиране на научна информация доведе до създаването на нови дисциплини като наукометрия, инфометрия и библиометрия.]Item Designing a Science Information Literacy Program for the Digital Age(Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences [Институт по Математика и Информатика, Българска Академия на Науките], 2017) Baykoucheva, SvetlaThe rapid growth of scientific information is presenting many challenges to researchers and students, who need to learn to use new tools and approaches for finding and managing scientific literature and research data more efficiently. This paper describes a large-scale information literacy program implemented at the University of Maryland College Park (USA), which has trained more than 5,000 undergraduate and graduate students how to use new digital technologies to find, filter, manage, share, and communicate scientific information.Item Science information literacy and the role of academic librarians(Chandos Publishing/Elsevier, 2015-07) Baykoucheva, SvetlaTeaching information literacy is a major responsibility for subject/liaison librarians, but advances in information-retrieval systems, such as improved natural language searching and Semantic Web, could significantly change the role librarians play in this area. This chapter examines the future of information literacy and how librarians could redefine their role by expanding it to include management of scientific information and research data, different instruction formats, and new approaches for assessing student learning. This will make library instruction a much more appealing, engaging, and useful experience for students and researchers. Responding to the needs of a generation born into a digital culture will require that librarians learn new skills and play new roles in supporting the educational and research goals of their institutions be redefined.Item From the Science Citation Index to the Journal Impact Factor and Web of Science: Interview with Eugene Garfield(Chandos Publishing/Elsevier, 2015-07) Baykoucheva, SvetlaWhen creating the Science Citation Index (SCI), Eugene Garfield could not have foreseen its enormous impact his innovative ideas would have on science in decades to come. The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) he founded became a hotbed for developing new innovative information products that led to what we now know as Web of Science, Essential Science Indicators, and Journal Citation Reports. In his interview, Eugene Garfield talks about how he came to the idea of using citations to manage the scientific literature. He also shares his views on the (mis)use of the Journal Impact Factor in evaluating individual researchers’ work, the importance of ethical standards in scientific publishing, and the future of peer review and scholarly publishing.Item Integration of EndNote Online in information literacy instruction designed for small and large chemistry courses(American Chemical Society, 2015-12-21) Baykoucheva, Svetla; Houck, Joseph; White, NataliaThe blended model for information literacy instruction described in this article introduces students not only to efficient techniques for finding scientific literature and properties of chemical compounds, but also to managing this information with a bibliographic management program (EndNote Online). The model blends face-to-face instruction with online tutorials posted on a LibGuide page prepared for each course. A graded online assignment designed in SurveyMonkey was used to assess student learning. During the instruction, students learned to find literature in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, SciFinder, and Web of Science. They also searched for properties of chemical compounds in ChemSpider, PubChem, Reaxys, and SciFinder using a chemical name, molecular formula, CAS Registry Number, or by drawing a molecular structure. The results from the assignments showed that students learned how to find literature and chemical property information efficiently and use a bibliographic management program to store, organize, share, and cite references. This article presents the implementation of the model in two small (40–60 students) and one large (380–460 students) undergraduate chemistry courses. The information literacy instruction described in this article was carried out in more than 20 undergraduate and graduate courses at the University of Maryland College Park. It provided more than 5000 students with versatile skills that they can use throughout their college education and even later in their professional life. The design of the model and its implementation was a result of a close collaboration between the chemistry librarian and the course instructors.Item The complexity of chemical information: Interview with Gary Wiggins(Chandos Publishing (Imprint of Elsevier), 2015-07-24) Baykoucheva, SvetlaGary Wiggins was the head of the Indiana University (IU) Chemistry Library from 1976 to 2003. During the final four years of his professional career, he served as Director of the Bioinformatics and Cheminformatics Programs in the IU School of Informatics, helping to create one of the first graduate programs in the United States that offer specialized training in cheminformatics. For many years, he taught courses in chemical information and science reference at IU. His textbook, Chemical Information Sources, was eventually converted to a Wikibook. Dr. Wiggins received several prestigious awards throughout his career, including the American Chemical Society Division of Chemical Information’s Herman Skolnik Award and the Patterson-Crane Award of the ACS Columbus and Dayton Sections. He was also elected to the Special Libraries Association Hall of Fame. Much of his research involved the improvement of teaching information literacy to chemistry and science students and the improvement of communication among scientists. In May 1991, Gary Wiggins started a chemical information discussion list, CHMINF-L, in Indiana University. Through the years, this forum became an institution of its own, providing a medium for exchanging information and ideas and attracting people interested in chemical information, but who approached it from different perspectives. In this era of social media, it is surprising that an e-mail Listserv based on technology developed over 20 years ago is still thriving. In many ways, CHMINF-L is still the information source for everyone from chemists to science librarians and publishers.