Information Studies

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Author: search.filters.author.Hoque, Md Naimul

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    Designing Human-Centered AI Tools with Interactive Visualization
    (2024) Hoque, Md Naimul; Kraus, Kari; Information Studies; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)
    Human-centered AI (HCAI), rather than replacing the human, puts the user in the driver's seat of so-called human-centered AI-infused tools (HCAI tools): interactive software tools that amplify, augment, empower, and enhance human performance using AI models. In this dissertation, I discuss how interactive visualization can be a key enabling technology for creating such human-centered AI tools. Visualization has already been shown to be a fundamental component in explainable AI models, and coupling this with data-driven, semantic, and unified interaction feedback loops will enable a human-centered approach for bridging AI models and human users. To validate this approach, I at first interviewed HCI, AI, and Visualization experts to define the characteristics of HCAI tools. I then discuss the design and development process of four HCAI tools powered by visualization. I conclude by outlining the design guidelines learned from the design process of the tools and research directions for designing future HCAI tools.
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    Accessible Data Representation with Natural Sound
    (Association for Computer Machinery (ACM), 2023-04-23) Hoque, Md Naimul; Ehtesham-Ul-Haque, Md; Elmqvist, Niklas; Billah, Syed Masum
    Sonification translates data into non-speech audio. Such auditory representations can make data visualization accessible to people who are blind or have low vision (BLV). This paper presents a sonification method for translating common data visualization into a blend of natural sounds. We hypothesize that people’s familiarity with sounds drawn from nature, such as birds singing in a forest, and their ability to listen to these sounds in parallel, will enable BLV users to perceive multiple data points being sonified at the same time. Informed by an extensive literature review and a preliminary study with 5 BLV participants, we designed an accessible data representation tool, Susurrus, that combines our sonification method with other accessibility features, such as keyboard interaction and text-to-speech feedback. Finally, we conducted a user study with 12 BLV participants and report the potential and application of natural sounds for sonification compared to existing sonification tools.