Counseling, Higher Education & Special Education
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/2226
The departments within the College of Education were reorganized and renamed as of July 1, 2011. This department incorporates the former departments of Counseling & Personnel Services; Education Leadership, Higher Education & International Education (excluding Organizational Leadership & Policy Studies); and Special Education.
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Item Undergraduate College Students' Perceived Sense of Civic Responsibility and Social Change Behaviors in the Context of Service, Advocacy, and Identity-Based Student Organizations(2010) Chowdhry, Chetan; Quaye, Stephen J; Counseling and Personnel Services; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)This study utilized data from the Multi-Institutional Study of Leadership (MSL) to explore the differences between college students involved with service, advocacy, and identity-based student organizations, as well as those not involved in any of these organizations, in their perceived sense of civic responsibility, as well as their frequency of engagement in social change behaviors. In addition, it explored the relationship between students' perceived sense of civic responsibility and their frequency of engagement in social change behaviors. The researcher utilized two one-way ANOVAs to see if there were significant differences in perceived sense of civic responsibility and frequency of engagement in social change behaviors among students who were involved exclusively in service, advocacy, or identity-based organizations, as well as students who were involved in a combination of these organizations, and students who did not participate in any of these organizations. The researcher found significant differences between students in the different organizations, with students in a combination of organizations and students involved exclusively in advocacy organizations having the highest mean scores on perceived sense of civic responsibility and frequency of engagement in social change behaviors. Students in identity-based organizations and those not involved in any of the organizations had the lowest mean scores on these two variables. In addition, the researcher found a positive, medium strength correlation between students' perceived sense of civic responsibility and frequency of engagement in social change behaviors among all of the involvement categories. Overall, this study provides important initial findings regarding the civic engagement characteristics of students involved in particular student organizations.Item The Association of Certified Rehabilitation Counselors' Attitudes Toward Counseling Individuals with Substance Use Disorders with Their Frequency and Perceived Confidence of Providing Substance Abuse Screenings and Referrals(2010) Rodgers, Roe Ann; Fabian, Ellen S.; MacDonald-Wilson, Kim; Counseling and Personnel Services; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)The purpose of this study was to assess the nature and extent of a nationally representative random sample of Certified Rehabilitation Counselors' (CRCs') attitudes toward counseling individuals with SUDs and their frequency and perceived confidence of providing substance abuse screenings and referrals. The study (a) explores attitudes of CRCs regarding counseling individuals with substance abuse disorders (SUDs); (b) examines whether CRCs' attitudes toward counseling individuals with SUDs are associated with their frequency in providing substance abuse screenings and referrals for individuals with SUDs; (c) determines if CRCs' attitudes toward counseling individuals with SUDs are associated with their perceived confidence in providing substance abuse screenings and referrals for individuals with SUDs. The independent variables were subscales of the Drug and Drug Problems Perceptions Questionnaire (DDPPQ) used to investigate CRCs' attitudes toward counseling individuals who have problems with drug use and the Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perceptions Questionnaire-Revised (AAPPQ-R) used to explore attitudes toward counseling individuals who have problems with alcohol use. The dependent variables were frequency questions and perceived confidence statements from the Alcohol and Other Drugs Vocational Rehabilitation Counselor Survey (AOD-VRC) used to measure the frequency and perceived confidence of providing substance abuse screenings and referrals. The study participants were 764 CRCs who were direct service providers from multiple employment settings. Participants were recruited from an online survey sent to a national random selection of CRCs obtained from Commission on Rehabilitation Counselor Certification (CRCC) database. Results indicated that this sample of CRCs have somewhat positive attitudes toward counseling individuals with SUDs. Results from this sample of CRCs show that there are associations between CRCs' attitudes toward counseling individuals with drug use problems and alcohol use problems with perceived confidence in providing substance abuse screenings and referrals, but not with frequency of providing substance abuse interventions. Applied implications, limitations of the study, and future research suggestions were discussed.Item A Biopsychosocial Model of Body Image in New Mothers(2009) Welsh, Anne Cavanaugh; Hoffman, Mary Ann; Counseling and Personnel Services; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)The vast majority of eating disorders literature to date focuses on adolescent and college aged women. However, recent research suggests that eating disorders and struggles with body image are not limited to younger women, but instead occur in women of all ages (e.g. Hay, 1998). One group of women that might be particularly at risk for decreases in body image are first time mothers, as their bodies go through immense changes during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Thus far, the literature has shown a relationship between biological changes, such as weight retention, and low body image in postpartum women (e.g. Walker, 1998). However, little research has explored the role of psychosocial factors in postpartum body image. The current study explored a biopsychosocial model of postpartum image, drawing on psychosocial variables that had been shown to relate to body image in adolescent and college aged women. This study found that psychosocial factors (internalization of the thin ideal, pressure for thinness, and negative affect) accounted for variance in body satisfaction and disordered eating, above and beyond that of biomedical factors (weight change, postpartum BMI, and shape change). Additionally, psychosocial factors partially mediated the effect of weight change and shape change on body satisfaction and disordered eating. These findings have important implications for psychologists and health care professionals who work with new mothers.Item An Examination of the Narratives of Men in Power-Sharing Marital Relationships: A Feminist Perspective(2008-12-04) Ades, Alisa Joy; Fassinger, Ruth E; Counseling and Personnel Services; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)One of the distinguishing characteristics of the late 20th and early 21st century is the dramatic change in the work and family roles of mothers in the United States. Despite evidence indicating that managing the multiple roles of work and family is healthy for both men and women, and that couples in equitable marriages report higher levels of relationship satisfaction and stability, marital partnerships often fall prey to traditional roles. In the vast majority of heterosexual marriages, men continue to hold the power. For true equality to exist, men and women need to share roles and, ultimately, power. The present study examined the lives of men in power-sharing marriages. The purpose of this study was to develop a framework for understanding what motivates men to pursue a non-traditional path and engage in power sharing marital relationships, where partners hold mutual status, actively negotiate roles, share decision-making and provide mutual attention to family and household tasks. This research was a qualitative study of 13 men in this type of power-sharing marital relationship. These men self-identified as power-sharing and eligibility was confirmed by the primary researcher. Data were gathered through semi-structured in-person interviews. The emerging theoretical framework suggests that the participants followed a complex path that led them to a power-sharing marital relationship. The path was composed of contextual spheres of influence (the sociopolitical context, the family of origin, the community and the academic environment) which worked together to foster the development of societal (justice, gender equality, equity) and interpersonal (mutual respect, reciprocity, family-first, complex connection with partner) values. In turn, the theory proposes that these values inspired the men to embrace a power-sharing orientation. The path did not end for these men with the initiation of the power-sharing marriage because the men in this study constantly confront challenges and rely on facilitators in order to maintain their power-sharing status.Item The Social Role Double Bind and the Implications for Contemporary College Students(2004-12-02) Ades, Alisa Joy; Fassinger, Ruth E; Counseling and Personnel Services; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)Past research indicates that mothers face a double bind: stay-at-home women are undervalued, and employed women are viewed as interpersonally deficient. This study examined the double bind by comparing perceptions of women and men in the same social role. College students read a brief description of a stay-at-home or employed (full-time/part-time) mother or father, rated the target on measures of instrumentality and communality, and estimated how often he/she performed nurturing behaviors. The college students also completed measures assessing their own career and family expectations. Results showed different trait perceptions of mothers and fathers in the same social role, indicating persistence of sex stereotyping and resistance to parents in nontraditional social roles. Notable effects included: employed mothers were considered significantly less nurturing than male counterparts; fathers employed part-time were rated less instrumental and more expressive than other targets; and, overall, mothers were expected to perform more nurturing behaviors, regardless of role.