Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769
Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.
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Item Teaching Cultural Competence to Reduce Health Disparities(2006) Selig, S.Abstract available at publisher's website.Item Culturally Sensitive Care 1969-2000: The Indian Chicano Health Center(2010) Barone, T. L.Abstract available at publisher's web site.Item Delivery of Culturally Competent Care to Children With Cancer and Their Families—The Latino Experience(2004) Munet-Vilaró, FrancesAbstract available at publisher's web site.Item Racial and Ethnic Differences in Patient Perceptions of Bias and Cultural Competence in Health Care(2004) Johnson, Rachel L.; Saha, Somnath; Arbelaez, Jose J.; Beach, Mary Catherine; Cooper, Lisa A.Abstract available at publisher's web site.Item Cancer and men from minority ethnic groups: an exploration of the literature(2000) Lees, S.; Papadopoulos, I.Abstract available at publisher's web site.Item Increasing Community Capacity to Reduce Tobacco-Related Health Disparities in African American Communities(2010) Jones, Pamela R.; Waters, Catherine M.; Oka, Roberta K.; McGhee, Eva M.ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the processes and interactions that African American tobacco control organizations use to engage African American communities in tobacco control efforts. Design and Sample: The study used grounded theory methods to interpret participant's perspectives on tobacco control. The study sample consisted of African American tobacco control program directors from African American tobacco control organizations throughout the United States. Measures: Data collection involved 1 interview per participant using a semistructured interview at a location selected by the participant. Each interview lasted approximately 30–90 min. Results: The results showed that organizations used specific strategies to involve African Americans in tobacco control. The tobacco control organizations built community capacity using 3 processes: developing relationships and partnerships, raising awareness, and creating collective power. Conclusion: Contextual, cultural processes, and historical references used by African American tobacco control organizations provide insight into how to engage African American communities in tobacco control efforts and achieve tobacco-related health parity. Public health professionals and nurses should be aware of these and other strategies that may increase the involvement of African American communities in tobacco control.Item Defining cultural competence: a practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care.(2003) Betancourt, Joseph R; Green, Alexander R; Carrillo, J Emilio; Ananeh-Firempong, OwusuOBJECTIVES: Racial/ethnic disparities in health in the U.S. have been well described. The field of "cultural competence" has emerged as one strategy to address these disparities. Based on a review of the relevant literature, the authors develop a definition of cultural competence, identify key components for intervention, and describe a practical framework for implementation of measures to address racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care. METHODS: The authors conducted a literature review of academic, foundation, and government publications focusing on sociocultural barriers to care, the level of the health care system at which a given barrier occurs, and cultural competence efforts that address these barriers. RESULTS: Sociocultural barriers to care were identified at the organizational (leadership/workforce), structural (processes of care), and clinical (provider-patient encounter) levels. A framework of cultural competence interventions--including minority recruitment into the health professions, development of interpreter services and language-appropriate health educational materials, and provider education on cross-cultural issues--emerged to categorize strategies to address racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care. CONCLUSIONS: Demographic changes anticipated over the next decade magnify the importance of addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care. A framework of organizational, structural, and clinical cultural competence interventions can facilitate the elimination of these disparities and improve care for all Americans.Item Defining and Assessing Organizational Competence in Serving Communities at Risk for Sexually Transmitted Diseases(2002) Thach, Sarah Brill; Eng, Eugenia; Thomas, James C.This study sought to develop an assessment tool to help health agencies enhance their capacity to provide sexually transmitted disease (STD) care to communities at risk and close the gap of racial disparities in health. Specifically, the study sought to (a) define the organizational competence of agencies serving communities at risk for STDs, and (b) develop a method to assess an agency’s organizational competence. In a rural Southern county, qualitative action research methods including key informant interviews, observation, and document review were used to assess four health agencies’ competence in responding to the needs of high STD-risk communities. Nine dimensions of organizational competence were identified: community participation, assessment of community needs, ensured access to services, community outreach, cultural competence, interagency collaboration, policy development, resource acquisition, and organizational commitment to serve. A competent organization was conceived as one that (a) is committed to serve, (b) works with communities at risk, (c) understands and appropriately responds to their needs, and (d) advocates on their behalf.Item CULTURAL COMPETENCE AND HEALTH CARE IN MASSACHUSETTS- WHERE ARE WE? WHERE SHOULD WE BE?(1999) Chin, Jean LauThe rapid growth of the non-White population in Massachusetts during the last decade mirrors that of the U.S. population with racial/ethnic minorities in 1995 making up 27% of the total population. Forty percent of the U.S. population will be immigrants or first generation Americans by the year 2000. Estimates predict that racial/ethnic minorities in the U.S. will make up 48% of the total population by 2050; 14.4% will be Black, 22.5% Hispanic, 9.7% Asian American, 0.9% American Indian, and 52.5% White.1 This does not include new migrations from Europe. The growing diversity of the U.S. population is reflected also in the heterogeneity within racial/ethnic minority groups. Blacks include African Americans, Haitian Creole, and other Caribbean groups, while Hispanic or Latino Americans include individuals from South America, Central America, Mexicans, Cubans, Puerto Ricans, and others. Asian Americans include over 40 groups, with the most common in Massachusetts being Chinese, Vietnamese, Cambodian, Korean, Filipino, Japanese, and Indian. Native Americans include 365 tribes, with the Wampanoag and Micmac tribes being most common in Massachusetts. Each of the racial/ethnic groups has emphasized the significant heterogeneity within groups with respect to population demographics and health risk factors.2 Each racial/ethnic group has sought to eliminate the adverse effects of racism and stereotypes while supporting the importance of attending to unique group differences. The prevalence of negative stereotypes for Blacks and Hispanics and the adverse effects of the healthy model minority myth for Asians have resulted in discriminatory practices in service delivery and resource allocation for all of these groups. Yet, it is clear that the sociopolitical context of poverty, racism, immigration, and culture has had a significant bearing on health status, health care utilization, and access to care for all racial/ethnic groups.Item BCHS 2524- Overview of Minority Health and Health Disparities in the US(2006) Thomas, Stephen B; Gilbert, Keon LUnderstanding health disparities involves a critical analysis of historical, political, economic, social, cultural, and environmental conditions that have produced an inequitable health status for racial and ethnic minorities in the United States. While we also recognize that disparities exist along socio-economic status, gender, sexual orientation and other factors, this class will focus on disparities in racial and ethnic minority communities. Issues of gender, SES and other factors will be examined as they intersect race and ethnicity, and further influence disparities in health. Minority health and health disparities have gained considerable attention from the recent publication of Healthy People 2010 Report, which lists as its two goals: 1) improve the quality of life for all citizens, and 2) eliminate health disparities. The purpose of this class is to introduce basic issues that underlie health disparities. We will gain a better understanding of the relationships of social and environmental phenomena and the health of minority communities. This course will include current literature and foster discussions that will examine health disparities, explore social and environmental determinants of those disparities, critically review measurement issues, and determine public health’s response to these disparities. Students should seek to critically reflect on their personal and professional roles in eliminating health disparities. By the end of the course, students will be able to: