Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769
Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.
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Item Leveraging Household Structure for Increasing Adult Physical Activity in a Low-Income, African American Community(SAGE Journals, 2018-11-28) Bernhart, John; Yilitalo, Kelly; Doyle, Eva; Wilkinson, Lindsay; Stone, KahlerHealth behavior changes often require focusing on factors beyond the individual, particularly in low-income and underresourced areas. The purpose of this article was to assess associations between household structure and adult physical activity levels. Data were collected using Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response methodology to administer a household survey (n = 100). Household structure was calculated from summing the number of adults (⩾18 years) and children (<18 years) reported living in the house. Physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form. Adults living in households with two or more adults reported more MET (metabolic equivalent of task) minutes of physical activity per week than adults from households with only one adult. Adults living in households with two or more adults were twice as likely to meet aerobic guidelines for physical activity compared to adults living in households with only adult. Findings suggest the need for developing ecologic approaches in low-income communities to increase social support for physical activity in adults.Item Thirty-Day Readmission Rates for Medicare Beneficiaries by Race and Site of Care(2011) Joynt, K. E.; Orav, E. J.; Jha, A. K.Abstract available at publisher's website.Item Normal Human Aging: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging(NIH Publication, 1984) Shock, Nathan W.; Greulich, Richard C.; Costa, Paul T, Jr.; Andres, Reubin; Lakatta, Edward G.; Arenberg, David; Tobin, Jordan D.Normal Human Aging is an overview of the first 23 years of research findings about the natural course of human aging. The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging was started in 1958 to "trace the effects of aging in humans." The BLSA recruited men aged 17 to 96 and women beginning in 1978 to participate in repeated assessments of health and physical and psychological performance. Visits were every two years over 2 1/2 days.Item The Effect of Adverse Housing and Neighborhood Conditions on the Development of Diabetes Mellitus among Middle-aged African Americans(2007) Schootman, Mario; Andresen, Elena M.; Wolinsky, Fredric D.; Malmstrom, Theodore K.; Miller, J. Philip; Yan, Yan; Miller, Douglas K.The authors examined the associations of observed neighborhood (block face) and housing conditions with the incidence of diabetes by using data from 644 subjects in the African-American Health Study (St. Louis area, Missouri). They also investigated five mediating pathways (health behavior, psychosocial, health status, access to medical care, and sociodemographic characteristics) if significant associations were identified. The external appearance of the block the subjects lived on and housing conditions were rated as excellent, good, fair, or poor. Subjects reported about neighborhood desirability. Self-reported diabetes was obtained at baseline and 3 years later. Of 644 subjects without self-reported diabetes, 10.3% reported having diabetes at the 3-year follow-up. Every housing condition rated as fair-poor was associated with an increased risk of diabetes, with odds ratios ranging from 2.53 (95% confidence interval: 1.47, 4.34 for physical condition inside the building) to 1.78 (95% confidence interval: 1.03, 3.07 for cleanliness inside the building) in unadjusted analyses. No association was found between any of the block face conditions or perceived neighborhood conditions and incident diabetes. The odds ratios for the five housing conditions were unaffected when adjusted for the mediating pathways. Poor housing conditions appear to be an independent contributor to the risk of incident diabetes in urban, middle-aged African Americans.Item NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING NIH STRATEGIC PLAN TO REDUCE AND ULTIMATELY ELIMINATE HEALTH DISPARITIES(2002) National Institute, on AgingThe NIA maintains a year-round scientific planning process that draws upon interactions with scientists throughout the world, members of Congress, the Institute's National Advisory Council on Aging (NACA) and other advisory committees, constituency groups, and the public. These interactions stimulate internal consideration of potential new research strategies and provide a broad perspective for refining plans. Emphasis is given to novel proposals and collaborative projects that promise to stimulate activities with other research organizations.