Minority Health and Health Equity Archive

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769

Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.

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Subject: search.filters.subject.HIV prevention

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Understanding Social Capital and HIV Risk in Rural African American Communities
    (2011) Cené, Crystal W.; Akers, Aletha Y.; Lloyd, Stacey W.; Albritton, Tashuna; Powell Hammond, Wizdom; Corbie-Smith, Giselle
    Abstract available at publisher's web site.
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    Project GRACE: A Staged Approach to Development of a Community--Academic Partnership to Address HIV in Rural African American Communities
    (2011) Corbie-Smith, G.; Adimora, A. A.; Youmans, S.; Muhammad, M.; Blumenthal, C.; Ellison, A.; Akers, A.; Council, B.; Thigpen, Y.; Wynn, M.; Lloyd, S. W.
    The HIV epidemic is a health crisis in rural African American communities in the Southeast United States; however, to date little attention has been paid to community-academic collaborations to address HIV in these communities. Interventions that use a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to address individual, social, and physical environmental factors have great potential for improving community health. Project GRACE (Growing, Reaching, Advocating for Change and Empowerment) uses a CBPR approach to develop culturally sensitive, feasible, and sustainable interventions to prevent the spread of HIV in rural African American communities. This article describes a staged approach to community-academic partnership: initial mobilization, establishment of organizational structure, capacity building for action, and planning for action. Strategies for engaging rural community members at each stage are discussed; challenges faced and lessons learned are also described. Careful attention to partnership development has resulted in a collaborative approach that has mutually benefited both the academic and community partners.
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    Compendium of HIV Prevention Interventions with Evidence of Effectiveness
    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1999) UNSPECIFIED
    The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed this Compendium of HIV Prevention Interventions with Evidence of Effectiveness to respond to prevention service providers, planners, and others who request science-based interventions that work to prevent HIV transmission. All interventions selected for this Compendium came from behavioral or social studies that had both intervention and control/comparison groups and positive results for behavioral or health outcomes. We required designs with control/comparison groups so that successful results could be attributed to the interventions. Appendix A describes in detail the criteria used to select the interventions. This document provides Summaries of each intervention that met all criteria. These are referred to as effective interventions. To meet the ongoing need for current information about what works in HIV prevention, this Compendium will be updated periodically. The Compendium provides state-of-the-science information about interventions with evidence of reducing sex- and/or drug-related risks, and the rate of HIV/STD infections. These interventions have been effective with a variety of populations, e.g., clinic patients, heterosexual men and women, high-risk youth, incarcerated populations, injection drug users, and men who have sex with men. They have been delivered to individuals, groups, and communities in settings such as storefronts, gay bars, health centers, housing communities, and schools. A reader may want to consider an entire group of studies, for instance, all studies that used small group interventions. Table 1 highlights population and intervention characteristics for each of the interventions. Accessing additional materials may assist in implementing a selected intervention. Table 2 indicates the interventions that are part of CDC's Replicating Effective Programs (REP), Prevention Counseling Course Series, and Research to Classroom: Programs That Work (PTW) projects. These ongoing projects support development of intervention materials, training, and technical assistance. Once an intervention is adopted, its actual impact will depend on how it is implemented. The important thing is to achieve a balance between adapting the intervention to suit local needs and maintaining the core elements and key characteristics that made the original intervention successful. Also, the agency that implements the intervention will require organizational support, adequate staffing, and sufficient resources for implementation. Finally, some readers may prefer an alternative or additional approach. They may want to assess and strengthen their existing program activities rather than select a new intervention, or to do both. We offer an Intervention Checklist to guide this process. The items on the Checklist are derived from many successful prevention interventions.
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    Keepin’ It R.E.A.L.!: Program Description and Results of Baseline Assessment
    (2002) DiIorio, Colleen; Resnicow, Ken; Thomas, Stephen; Wang, Dongqing Terry; Dudley, William N.; Van Marter, Deborah F.; Lipana, Jenny
    In this article, the authors present the results of the analysis of the baseline data fromKeepin’it R.E.A.L.!, an HIV prevention project developed for mothers and their adolescents. Six hundred twelve mostly male (60.6%) and African American (98.2%) adolescents completed baseline assessments. Eleven percent of the adolescent participants reported initiating sexual intercourse. Adolescent participants expressing higher levels of self-efficacy to resist peer pressure, more favorable outcome expectancies, less communication about sex with their mothers, higherle vels of self-concept related to theirbeha vior, lowerle vels of self-concept related to popularity, and less stress reported fewer types of intimate sexual behaviors. Adolescent participants who reported higher selfefficacy to resist peer pressure to have sex and lower levels of stress were less likely to have initiated sexual intercourse. Selected characteristics of mothers did not contribute to understanding factors associated with intimate sexual behaviors or initiation of sexual intercourse among adolescent participants.
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    HIV Prevention Outreach in Black Communities of Three Rural North Florida Counties
    (2003) Brown, Emma J; Brown, Joseph S
    Literature to guide HIV prevention outreach for southeastern rural blacks is limited despite the increasing prevalence of HIV infection in this population. Three men and one woman conducted HIV prevention outreach in three north Florida rural counties in teams of two. The workers received five days of training in additional homework assignments. The workers used HIV/AIDS outreach surveys to guide their 10- to 15-minute outreach visits. Five hundred seventy-four outreach contacts with blacks were made between January and June 2001 (329 in County 1, 176 in County 2, and 69 in County 3) with 347 women and 227 men. Eighty-four percent of the persons contacted accepted literature, 47.5% accepted male condoms, and 31.9% accepted female condoms. More women (99.4%) were knowledgeable about HIV/AIDS than men (92.5%), and they reported taking precautions against infection more often than men (98% vs. 90.3%). Many blacks in rural north Florida were receptive to an HIV prevention outreach program that provided information, literature, and condoms on the street and in homes. These findings suggest that HIV prevention outreach should be expanded to reach more rural blacks, who are increasingly at risk for HIV infection.