Minority Health and Health Equity Archive

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

A History Of Protecting America: The Epidemic Intelligence Service
(CDC Foundation, 2017-04-14) Scalera, Diana
Chair DeLauro Holds Hearing on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Response to COVID-19
(United States House of Representatives, 2020-06-04) United States House of Representatives
WASHINGTON, DC — (June 4, 2020) Congresswoman Rosa DeLauro (CT-03), Chair of the House Appropriations Committee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, today held a critical hearing with the Subcommittee’s Democrats and Republicans on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Dr. Robert Redfield, Director of the CDC, appeared before the Subcommittee.
Measuring HIV risk in the U.S. population aged 15–44: Results from Cycle 6 of the National Survey of Family Growth
(2006) Anderson, John; Mosher, William; Chandra, Anjani
Objective—This report presents national estimates of the percentage and number of persons in the U.S. population aged 15–44 who report behaviors that place them at increased risk for acquiring or transmitting human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. The report also contains data on condom use and HIV testing by persons who report risk behaviors. In addition, estimates of self-reported risk for HIV from the Cycle 6 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) are compared with data from other recent national surveys. Methods—Data from the NSFG Cycle 6, conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), are based on interviews with a national sample of the household population of the United States. In-person, face-to-face interviews were conducted in the homes of 12,571 males and females 15–44 years of age in 2002. Most of the data were collected by Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI), in which a laptop computer is used to select and present the questions, which an interviewer reads to the respondent. The more sensitive data, including the risk behavior items on which this report is based, were collected by Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing (ACASI), in which the respondent listens to recording of each question and enters his or her own answers into the computer without involving an interviewer. Results—Overall, 8.9 percent of persons 15–44 years of age had engaged in sexual behaviors in the past year that put them at increased risk of HIV, and 1.5 percent had engaged in drug use behaviors that put them at risk. In all, an estimated 9.9 percent engaged in either drug use or sexual behavior that placed them at increased risk for HIV. Including those who were treated for a sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the past year, 11.9 percent of persons 15–44 years of age—13.0 percent males and 10.8 percent of females—were at risk of HIV in 2002. The 11.9 percent at risk is equivalent to an estimated 14.4 million persons aged 15–44 at higher risk of HIV through drug use, sexual behavior, or having been treated for an STD in the past year. Persons who were at increased risk reported greater condom use and higher rates of HIV testing, but among those at risk, 33.6 percent had never been tested for HIV and 60.4 percent did not use condoms at last sex.
CDC Initiative Targets HIV Research Gaps in Black and Hispanic Communities
(2004) Trubo, Richard
EVEN THOUGH THE HIV EPIDEMIC IN the United States has shifted increasingly and disproportionately to blacks and Hispanics, a lack of research into prevention strategies tailored to minority communities has impeded efforts to reach these populations. Now, a new initiative launched by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) seeks to help fill such research gaps and to mentor young investigators with ties to these underserved communities. Surveillance data have shown a shift in the demographics and geography of the US HIV/AIDS epidemic. As the proportion of new HIV infections in white men who have sex with men has declined since the epidemic’s early years, about 70% of all new HIV infections now occur among minorities, with blacks accounting for 54% of all new HIV/AIDS diagnoses, according to the CDC. Surveillance statistics in 2002 also show that the greatest expansion of HIV morbidity occurred in Southern states. However, the distribution of research dollars has not matched these demographic and geographic changes in the epidemic.
U.S. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION: Crack cocaine use reduces antiviral therapy use in women with HIV
(2004) Law and, Health Weekly
Crack cocaine use decreases adherence to antiretroviral treatment among HIV-infected Black women. "Since the appearance of crack cocaine in the 1980s, unprecedented numbers of women have become addicted. A disproportionate number of female crack users are Black and poor. We analyzed interview data of HIV-infected women greater than or equal to 18 years of age reported to 12 health departments between July 1997 and December 2000 to ascertain if Black women reported crack use more than other HIV-infected women and to examine the relationship between crack use and antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence among Black women," researchers in the United States report. "Of 1,655 HIV-infected women, 585 (35%) were nonusers of drugs, 694 (42%) were users of other drugs, and 376 (23%) were crack users," said Tanya Telfair Sharpe and colleagues at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Of the 1,196 (72%) Black women, 306 (26%) were crack users. We used logistic regression to examine the effect of crack use on adherence to ART, controlling for age and education among Black women.

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