Minority Health and Health Equity Archive

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769

Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.

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Author: search.filters.author.Benowitz, Neal LSubject: search.filters.subject.cardiovascular risk studies

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    Genetic variability of smoking persistence in African Americans.
    (2011) Hamidovic, Ajna; Kasberger, John L; Young, Taylor R; Goodloe, Robert J; Redline, Susan; Buxbaum, Sarah G; Benowitz, Neal L; Bergen, Andrew W; Butler, Kenneth R; Franceschini, Nora; Gharib, Sina A; Hitsman, Brian; Levy, Daniel; Meng, Yan; Papanicolaou, George J; Preis, Sarah R; Spring, Bonnie; Styn, Mindi A; Tong, Elisa K; White, Wendy B; Wiggins, Kerri L; Jorgenson, Eric
    To date, most genetic association analyses of smoking behaviors have been conducted in populations of European ancestry and many of these studies focused on the phenotype that measures smoking quantity, that is, cigarettes per day. Additional association studies in diverse populations with different linkage disequilibrium patterns and an alternate phenotype, such as total tobacco exposure which accounts for intermittent periods of smoking cessation within a larger smoking period as measured in large cardiovascular risk studies, can aid the search for variants relevant to smoking behavior. For these reasons, we undertook an association analysis by using a genotyping array that includes 2,100 genes to analyze smoking persistence in unrelated African American participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. A locus located approximately 4 kb downstream from the 3'-UTR of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) significantly influenced smoking persistence. In addition, independent variants rs12915366 and rs12914385 in the cluster of genes encoding nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits (CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4) on 15q25.1 were also associated with the phenotype in this sample of African American subjects. To our knowledge, this is the first study to more extensively evaluate the genome in the African American population, as a limited number of previous studies of smoking behavior in this population included evaluations of only single genomic regions.