Newburn, DavidLichtenberg, ErikKim, YounghoWietelman, DerekWang, HaoluanThis report assesses the effectiveness of economic incentives in encouraging Maryland farmers to adopt riparian buffers for improved water quality and carbon sequestration. Using a statewide landowner survey and integrated environmental-economic modeling, the study evaluates program design features such as payment type, contract length, and targeting. Results show that upfront payments increase participation, targeted bonuses improve cost-effectiveness, and carbon offset payments offer limited added benefit. Policy recommendations focus on enhancing program efficiency through strategic incentive design.en-USRiparian buffersEconomic incentivesBuffer adoptionAgricultural conservationWater quality improvementCarbon sequestrationReport