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Motivated biases are considered under an integrative theoretical framework which specifies the interplay between motivation, situational affordances, and cognitive resources. According to this framework, motivation influences ...

Recognizing the goals of others' actions is critical for much of human development and social life. Origins of this knowledge exist in the first year and are a function of both acting as an intentional agent and observing ...

Recent behavioral and neuroscience evidence suggests that studying the social brain in detached and offline contexts (e.g., listening to prerecorded stories about characters) may not capture real-world social processes. ...

Bilingual language production is widely believed to be a competitive process. Bilinguals may manage this competition by relying on inhibiting one language while speaking in the other. However, it remains unclear if this ...

The testing effect, the notion that retrieval practice compared to restudying information leads to greater and longer retention, is one of the most robust findings in cognitive science. However, not all learners experience ...

Because social exclusion leads to adverse effects, excluded individuals exhibit altered social information processing. In particular, these individuals process social information from faces differently than their included ...

Approximate Arithmetic is a task that requires one to approximate the number of dots in dot arrays to add or subtract pairs of dot arrays. Past work has shown that Approximate Arithmetic is a significant predictor of ...

The current study investigated the effect of action-outcome agency, or one’s ability to guide behavior during reinforcement learning, on reward and loss processing in a gambling task. Thirty undergraduates (13 females; M ...

Learning and performing music draws on a host of cognitive abilities. One likely aspect of cognition that may be related to musical training is executive function. To date, many studies have investigated this relationship; ...

Young children often experience relational memory failures, which are thought to be due to underdeveloped recollection processes. Manipulations with adults, however, have suggested that relational memory tasks can be ...