This study explores the effects of using bonding agent and shear studs in conjunction with a defined surface roughness condition on the bond strength of concrete overlays poured over prestressed concrete slabs. The shear bond and tensile bond strengths are tested for seven cases by using Double-L test and Split-Prism test respectively. The test variables are surface roughness, use of slurry mix, commercial bonding agent and shear studs at the interface. Application of grooves on the substrate provides a good bond owing to an interlocking effect. Application of bonding agent results in the lowest bond strengths by introduction of a plane of weakness. The bond strength values where shear studs are used are the highest of all test cases. Based on the findings from this study, a recommendation is made to Maryland Department of Transportation to use precast panels with pre-existing grooves and simply pour the overlay concrete on top.