A. James Clark School of Engineering

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    Construction of Test Facility to Measure and Visualize Refrigerant Maldistribution in Multiport Evaporator Headers
    (2005-07-18) Linde, John Eric; Radermacher, Reinhard; Mechanical Engineering; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)
    In a refrigeration cycle, condensed liquid refrigerant is expanded to a two-phase fluid entering the evaporator. In many applications, the evaporator paths are divided into a number of parallel sections to keep the pressure drop across the evaporator within a reasonable range and to maximize overall heat exchanger performance. Since the state of the refrigerant entering the evaporator is two-phase and its quality changes depending upon the operating conditions, the proper refrigerant distribution to individual sections is not an easy task. Nonuniform distribution, or maldistribution, will cause dry out at sections of lesser mass flow by superheating the refrigerant gas. This can result in nonuniform heat exchanger surface temperature distribution. Single-phase heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) are much lower than those of two-phase HTCs. When dryout occurs, both refrigerant-side HTCs and air-side HTCs are lower than those of wet surfaces. In addition to this, the temperature difference between the air and
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    A Toolbox for Nonlinear Dynamics
    (Springer-Verlag, 1991) Coffey, Shannon; Deprit, André; Deprit, Eitenne; Healy, Liam; Miller, Bruce
    Using the main problem of artificial satellite theory as an illustration, we review several developments which have had a significant impact on research in nonlinear dynamics. On the mathematical front, we point to the theory of Lie transformations; in the area of computational software, we explain how massively data parallel machines open the way for symbolic solution of large problems. Finally, we show how color graphics assist in the qualitative analysis of dynamical systems.
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    Paint by number: Uncovering phase flows of an integrable dynamical system
    (American Institute of Physics, 1991-09) Healy, Liam; Deprit, Etienne
    Given an integrable dynamical system with one degree of freedom, "painting" the integral over phase space proves to be a powerful technique for uncovering both global and local behavior. This graphical technique avoids numerical integration, employing instead a nonlinear method of assigning contrasting colors to the energy values to distinguish subtle details of the flow.
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    The Phase Space Portrait of an Integrable Dynamical System
    (Science, 1990-02-16) Coffey, Shannon; Deprit, André; Deprit, Etienne; Healy, Liam
    For an integrable dynamical system with one degree of freedom, "painting" the integral over the phase space proves to be very effective for uncovering the global flow down to minute details. Applied to the main problem in artificial satellite theory, for instance, the technique reveals an intricate configuration of equilibria and bifurcations when the polar component of the angular momentum approaches zero.