Minority Health and Health Equity Archive
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/1903/21769
Welcome to the Minority Health and Health Equity Archive (MHHEA), an electronic archive for digital resource materials in the fields of minority health and health disparities research and policy. It is offered as a no-charge resource to the public, academic scholars and health science researchers interested in the elimination of racial and ethnic health disparities.
Browse
21 results
Search Results
Item Communities of color suffer from lack of health insurance(2011) Hallman, CharlesAlthough the Affordable Care Act (ACA) will be fully implemented by the end of 2014, several aspects of it already has been put in place. For instance, young adults and children with preexisting conditions no longer can be denied health insurance because of ACA changes already in effect. Over the next few months the MSR will be highlighting changes yet to come. Healthcare experts and advocates argue that Blacks and other people of color in this country have disproportionately high numbers of uninsured and underinsured adults and children. As a result, the ACA, which became law in March 2010, will...Item Race/Ethnicity and Health Insurance Status: 1987 and 1996(2000) Monheit, Alan C.; Vistnes, Jessica P.Abstract available at publisher's web site.Item Racial and Ethnic Differences in Access to and Use of Health Care Services, 1977 to 1996(2000) Weinick, Robin M.; Zuvekas, Samuel H.; Cohen, Joel W.Abstract available at publisher's web site.Item The Contribution of Insurance Coverage and Community Resources to Reducing Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Access to Care(2003) Hargraves, J. Lee; Hadley, JackAbstract available at publisher's web site.Item Disparities in Public Use Data Availability for Race, Ethnic, and Immigrant Groups(2010) Johnson, Pamela Jo; Blewett, Lynn A.; Davern, MichaelAbstract available at publisher's web site.Item Having health insurance does not eliminate race/ethnicity-associated delays in breast cancer diagnosis in the District of Columbia(2011) Hoffman, Heather J.; LaVerda, Nancy L.; Levine, Paul H.; Young, Heather A.; Alexander, Lisa M.; Patierno, Steven R.BACKGROUND: Delays in follow-up after breast cancer screening contribute to disparities in breast cancer outcomes. The objective of this research was to determine the impact of race/ethnicity and health insurance on diagnostic time, defined as number of days from suspicious finding to diagnostic resolution. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study of 1538 women examined for breast abnormalities between 1998-2010 at 6 hospitals/clinics in the District of Columbia measured mean diagnostic times between non-Hispanic whites (NHWs), non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs), and Hispanics with private, government, or no health insurance by using a full-factorial ANOVA model. RESULTS: Respective average—geometric mean (95% CI)—diagnostic times (in days) for NHWs, NHBs, and Hispanics were 16 (12, 21), 27 (23, 33), and 51 (35, 76) among privately insured; 12 (7, 19), 39 (32, 48), and 71 (48, 105) among government insured; 45 (17, 120), 60 (39, 92), and 67 (56, 79) among uninsured. Government insured NHWs had significantly shorter diagnostic times than government insured NHBs (P = .0003) and Hispanics (P < .0001). Privately insured NHWs had significantly shorter diagnostic times than privately insured NHBs (P = .03) and Hispanics (P < .0001). Privately insured NHBs had significantly shorter diagnostic times than uninsured NHBs (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS: Insured minorities waited >2 times longer to reach their diagnostic resolution than insured NHWs. Having private health insurance increased the speed of diagnostic resolution in NHBs; however, their diagnostic time remained significantly longer than for privately insured NHWs. These results suggest diagnostic delays in minorities are more likely caused by other barriers associated with race/ethnicity than by insurance status. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.Item HIV Screening and Access to Care: Exploring the Impact of Policies on Access to and Provision of HIV Care(National Academies Press, 2011) Committee on HIV Screening , and Access to Care; Institute , of MedicineWith the widespread use of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART), HIV has become a chronic, rather than a fatal, disease. But for their treatment to succeed, patients require uninterrupted care from a health care provider and uninterrupted access to anti-HIV medications. The IOM identifies federal, state, and private health insurance policies that inhibit HIV-positive individuals from initiating or continuing their care.Item Disentangling the effects of race on breast cancer treatment(2007) Banerjee, Mousumi; George, Julie; Yee, Cecilia; Hryniuk, William; Schwartz, KendraBACKGROUND. African Americans (AA) have higher mortality from breast cancer compared with white Americans (WA). Studies using population-based cancer registries have attributed this to disparities in treatment after normalizing the AA and WA populations for differences in disease stage. However, those studies were hampered by lack of comorbidity data and limited information about systemic treatments. The objective of the current study was to investigate racial disparities in breast cancer treatment by conducting a comprehensive medical records review of women who were diagnosed with breast cancer at the Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) in Detroit, Michigan. METHODS. The study cohort consisted of 651 women who were diagnosed with primary breast cancer between 1990 and 1996 at KCI. Multivariable logistic regression analysis controlling for sociodemographic factors, tumor characteristics, comorbidities, and health insurance status was used to assess whether there were differences between WA and AA in the receipt of breast-conserving surgery (BCS), radiation, tamoxifen, and chemotherapy. RESULTS. There was no significant difference between WA and AA in the receipt of BCS versus mastectomy. Patients with local-stage disease who were enrolled in government insurance plans underwent mastectomy more often (vs BCS plus radiation) compared with patients who were enrolled in nongovernment plans. The rates of receipt of tamoxifen and chemotherapy were similar for local-stage WA and local-stage AA. However, WA were more likely to receive tamoxifen and/or chemotherapy for regional-stage disease. Married women with regional disease were more likely to receive chemotherapy than nonmarried women. CONCLUSIONS. The results from this study may be used to target educational interventions to improve the use of adjuvant therapies among AA women who have regional-stage disease. Cancer 2007 © 2007 American Cancer Society.Item Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Access to Care for Children With Special Health Care Needs(2002) NEWACHECK, P; HUNG, Y; WRIGHT, KOBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have examined racial and ethnic differences in access to and utilization of health services. However, few studies have addressed these issues with respect to children with special health care needs. This study examines whether disparities in access and utilization are present among black, white, and Hispanic children identified as having special health care needs. METHODS: We analyzed data on 57 553 children younger than 18 years old included in the 1994-95 National Health Interview Survey on Disability. Of these, 10 169, or 17.7% of the sample, were identified as having an existing special health care need. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess how race and ethnicity are related to measures of access and utilization, such as usual source of care, missed care, and use of physician and hospital services. RESULTS: Our analyses show that among children with special health care needs, minorities were more likely than white children to be without health insurance coverage (13.2% vs 10.3%; P <.01), to be without usual source of care (6.7% vs 4.3%; P <.01), and to report inability to get needed medical care (3.9% vs 2.8%; P <.05). Also, white children with special health care needs were more likely than their minority counterparts to have used physician services (88.6 vs 85.0; P <.01); however, minority children with special health care needs were more likely to have been hospitalized during the past year (7.6% vs 6.3%; P < 0.5). After adjustments for confounding variables (income, insurance coverage, health status, and other variables), racial and ethnic differences in access and utilization were attenuated but remained significant for several measures (without a usual source of care, receipt of care outside of a doctor's office or HMO, no regular clinician, no doctor contacts in past year, and volume of doctor contacts). Gaps in access were more frequent and generally larger for Hispanic children with special health care needs. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis indicates that access and utilization disparities remain between white and minority children with special health care needs, with Hispanic children experiencing especially disparate care.Item Health Care Access Among Latinos: Implications for Social and Health Care Reforms(2010) Perez-Escamilla, R.According to the Institute of Medicine, health care access is defined as “the degree to which people are able to obtain appropriate care from the health care system in a timely manner.” Two key components of health care access are medical insurance and having access to a usual source of health care. Recent national data show that 34% of Latino individuals do not have health insurance and 27% do not have access to a usual source of health care. This article identifies barriers and solutions for improving health care access among Latino individuals.
- «
- 1 (current)
- 2
- 3
- »