Chen and Pfennig (Science, 20 March 2020, p. 1377) analyze fitness consequences of hybridization in toads, but do not account for differences in survival among progeny. Apparent fitness effects depend on families with anomalously low survival, yet survival is crucial to evolutionary fitness. This and other analytical shortcomings demonstrate that a conclusion of adaptive mate choice is not yet justified. This submission contains R code that was used in the analyses presented in this technical comment.