Factors Associated with Compliance to Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors and Glycemic Control Among Kuwaiti People with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

In this cross-sectional study, diabetes self-care behaviors, general diabetes knowledge, attitude and satisfaction, dietary and lifestyle modifications, and barriers to diabetes self-care behaviors and diabetes self-management were assessed by a questionnaire. Biochemical and anthropometric measurements were extracted from patients¡¯ medical records. Data collection through multi-stage stratified random sampling was obtained from eight primary healthcare centers in the Capital Region of Kuwait. The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control (HbA1c ¡Ý 7%) among Kuwaiti type 2 diabetic patients was 78.8%. About 76% of patients were non-compliant and 24% were compliant to glycemic control. Fasting plasma glucose was the strongest discriminating variable that classified patients as compliant and non-compliant to glycemic control. About 59.3% of patients were classified as ¡°poor¡± adherence to diabetes self-care behaviors. Diet had the strongest association with diabetes self-care behaviors scores (X2 = 234.3, P < 0.05).