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The interaction between a parasitic barnacle, Loxothylacus panopaei (Cirripedia, Rhizocephala), and three of its crab host species (Brachyura, Xanthidae) along the east coast of North America.
(1993) Alvarez, Fernando; Reaka-Kudla, Marjorie; Animal & Avian Sciences; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, MD)
Rhizocephalan barnacles parasitize primarily decapod crustaceans
(Bocquet-Vedrine 1968, Overstreet 1983). The principal effect of the parasites
is often the permanent sterilization of the hosts (Bocquet-Vedrine 1972,
O'Brien & Van Wyk 1984). Regardless of the processes involved, the end
result of the infection is the creation of non-reproductive individuals that will
use resources that otherwise would be available to the healthy traction of the
host population. The potential impact on the host population then resides in
the accumulation of sterile resource-using individuals in each generation.
Prevalences of barnacles on anomuran and brachyuran crabs have been reported in a number of studies (e.g., Walker 1985, Hawkes et al. 1986, Johnson et al. 1986, Wardle & Tirpak 1991 ). Rhizocephalan infections can
reach very high levels locally, suggesting that entire host populations may
have a greatly reduced reproductive capacity. However, in most host species,
the pattern of distribution of parasites is not uniform throughout the host's
range.
I examined the crab-rhizocephalan interaction using the system
composed by the barnacle Loxothylacus panopaei and three of its crab host
species: Panopeus lacustris, Eurypanopeus depressus, and Rhithropanopeus
harrisii, occurring along the east coast of the North America.
Through experimental infections conducted in the laboratory, it was
determined that B. harrisii of a wide range of sizes could be infected by L.
panopaei. The complete life-cycle of the parasite was manipulated in the
laboratory. Neither host molting frequency nor host molt increments differed
significantly between parasitized and control crabs. Host survival was
significantly reduced during the parasite's developmental period; the heaviest
mortality of the host occurred in the megalopal stage.
Women Correspondents in Vietnam: Historical Analysis and Oral Histories
(1988) Martin, Christine; Hiebert, Ray; Journalism; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, MD)
Although women correspondents have covered wars since the
Spanish-American conflict, it was not until the Vietnam War that they
achieved full access to the battlefield and equal opportunities to cover
all aspects of the conflict. Easily attained army accreditation, the
burgeoning women's movement and the unique nature of the Vietnam War - a Third World, essentially, political conflict - combined to offer
women reporters unprecedented opportunities to cover the war and to
prove themselves as worthy members of journalism's elite crew - war
correspondents. More women covered Vietnam than any other war. They
focused their coverage primarily on the "human interest" angle and the
effects of war on its civilian and military victims. This traditional
women's focus took on a new prominence in Vietnam, where an
understanding of the social and political underpinnings of Vietnamese
culture was essential to the success of the American war effort. As a
result, the traditional news definition of war as battlefield was widened
and the "women's angle" became central to war correspondence.
This study presents an historical analysis of the evolution of the role
of the woman war correspondent, from the Spanish- American conflict to
Vietnam, and presents the oral histories of 10 women who worked as war
correspondents in Vietnam.
GABRIEL FAURE (1845-1924): INNOVATOR OF THE FRENCH MODERN STYLE AS SEEN IN HIS WORKS FOR CELLO AND PIANO
(2003) Oh, Jooeun; Elsing, Evelyn; Music; Digital Repository at the University of Maryland; University of Maryland (College Park, MD)
Gabriel Faure was a deeply influential leader in establishing modem trends in
early twentieth-century French music. His individualistic compositions include both
traditional and modern aspects incorporated into his own distinctive style. This doctoral
project is a study of Faure's contributions to French chamber-music and explores
especially his works for cello.
In the first chapter of this dissertation, a brief biography of Faure is presented, and
Faure's personal relationships with several influential contemporaries, including
Camille Saint-Saens, are discussed. The second chapter describes Faure's highly
effective career as Professor and then Director and reformer at the Paris Conservatoire.
In the third chapter, Faure's chamber music is discussed, with emphasis on his works for
cello. His works can be divided into three time periods, each representative of the
composer's unique musical style and illustrative of Faure's stylistic development throughout his career. The fourth and final chapter examines the evolution of Faure's
musical approach, while his complete works for the cello are analyzed and compared.
Diverse reactions of his contemporary critics to Faure's late-period chamber works are
also presented.
As part of this doctoral project two recitals of works by Faure and his
contemporaries were performed at the University of Maryland School of Music. The
works performed in the first recital include Camille Saint-Saens' Romance for
Violoncello and Piano, Opus 36 ( 1877); Maurice Ravel's Sonata for Violoncello and
Violin ( 1920-22); Claude Debussy's Sonata for Violoncello and Piano ( 1915); and
Faure's Violoncello Sonata No. I in d minor, Opus I 09 ( 1917). The second recital
incorporated selections from all three of Faure's compositional periods: Elegie for
Violoncello and Piano, Opus 2-1 ( 1880); Papillion for Violoncello and Piano, Opus 77
( 1885), Romance for Violoncello and Piano, Opus 69 ( 1894 ), Sicilienne for Violoncello
and Piano, Opus 78 ( 1898, originally 1893 ); Violoncello Sonata No. 2 in g minor,
Opus I I 7 ( 1921 ); and Piano Trio in d minor, Opus I 20 ( 1922-1923 ).
Expression of Human RPS17 and RPS23 in E. Coli Bacterial Cells
(2024-04) Bloom, Kaylee; Perera, Senanga; Outmezguine, Daniel; Patel, Tulsi; Hunter, Kennedi; Kothari, Yashi; Guevara, Ivan; Pham, Thong; Zeidan, Quira
Ribosome biogenesis is vital for a cell to make proteins and proceed through the central dogma of molecular biology. Human ribosomal proteins (RPs) RPS17 and RPS23 are protein-encoding genes associated with the formation of ribosomes in cells. Serious diseases are linked to dysfunction of RPS17 and RPS23. Mutations in RPS17 have been linked to Diamond-Blackfan anemia, a rare inherited bone marrow disease that affects red blood cells, leading to anemia. RPS23 protein dysfunction is linked to Hepatocellular carcinoma, a severe form of liver cancer. In this study, RPS17 and RPS23 were cloned and expressed with two different bacterial expression plasmids, pNIC28-Bsa4 and pNH-TrxT, with 100% sequence confirmation. Plasmids were then transformed into BL21 E. coli cells, and IPTG induction was used to express RPS17 and RPS23. SDS-PAGE, followed by Coomassie staining, was conducted to confirm the successful expression of the proteins. Future research will determine how overexpression and posttranslational modifications of RPS17 and RPS23 link to cellular growth and homeostasis.
Parents’ Perspectives on AAE use and how they Communicate those Perspectives to their Children
(2024-04-25) Hall, Sierra; Bryd, Arynn; Huang, Yi Ting
Background: Children learn about language ideologies from adults in their communities,including their parents and teachers (e.g., the intelligence of a dialect speaker or the appropriateness of a language). Parents' perspectives on languages and dialects can also impact the languages and dialects they encourage their children to use. However, there is a lack of research regarding how African American parents view the use of African American English (AAE) and how they communicate their perspectives to their children. This study posed two research questions to address that gap: 1) What are parents’ perspectives on the use of non-mainstream dialects, particularly AAE? and 2) How do they communicate these perspectives to their children?
Methods: 31 parents from various racial backgrounds were recruited from the Washington, D.C., Maryland, and Virginia areas. Parents answered a survey consisting of Likert and open-response questions that assessed parent perspectives of AAE and GAE, the dialect that parents identified speaking, how they explicitly communicated their views to their children, and general demographic information about the participants.
Results: The results show that parents significantly preferred GAE over AAE (p<0.05). After running separate ANOVA tests, with the independent variables being race and parent dialect group, there were no significant differences between ratings of Black and non-Black individuals and AAE and non-AAE speakers (p>0.05). The qualitative data from the open responses revealed no differences between how parents, across races and dialect groups, communicated their views of AAE and GAE to their children. Overall, parents had more negative views towards AAE use and more positive views toward GAE use and were more likely to encourage their children to speak GAE.
Conclusions: The results show that both AAE- and GAE-speaking parents may have an overall preference for GAE use, both for themselves and their children. Future work should include interviewing young adults to gauge how they formed their linguistic attitudes towards dialects. Also, include asking parents whether or not they code switch to gauge parent attitudes toward bidialectalism.